With an ever increasing demand for ubiquitous and seamless wireless services, cellular operators are looking for novel network designs to meet such demands. Providing wireless services from the sky, using aerial networks (aerial platforms), has recently gained significant attention. Aerial platforms of various types including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, also referred to as drones), balloons, and highaltitude/medium-altitude/low-altitude platforms (HAPs/MAPs/LAPs) can play a key role in future wireless networks. For example, a base station (BS) mounted on an aerial platform can boost capacity and/or enhance coverage. This thesis aims to address the challenges accompanied with the use of aerial platforms in wireless communication networks. Specifically, we propose novel frameworks that address various issues related to backhauling/fronthauling a dense deployment of small cells and the recently-envisioned concept of aerial-BSs. This thesis starts with proposing a novel backhaul/fronthaul network capable of transporting the backhaul/fronthaul traffic between the terrestrial-BSs and the core network. In the proposed network, the aerial platforms act as aerial-hubs that collect/deliver traffic from/to small cells via free-space optics (FSO) links. We show the main limitations of the proposed network and identify proper ways to tackle these limitations. Aerial platforms can also act as aerial-BSs; therefore, we address the energyefficient aerial-BS placement problem. The aim is to find the 3D location of the aerial-BS that maximizes the number of covered users using the minimum transmit power. We decouple the aerial-BS deployments in the horizontal and vertical dimensions without any loss of optimality. Next, we investigate the 3D aerial-BS placement that maximizes the number of covered users with different quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. This 3D placement problem is modeled as a multiple circles placement problem. We propose an optimal placement algorithm that utilizes an exhaustive I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Prof. Halim Yanikomeroglu, for the continuous support of my Ph.D study and research, for his patience, motivation, and immense knowledge. I could not have imagined having a better supervisor for my Ph.D study. I would also like to express my deep gratitude to Dr. Muhammad Zeeshan Shakir and Dr. Amr El-Keyi for their valuable discussions, comments, and feedback. I am deeply grateful to my parents, Faraj and Sabria, for believing in me and giving me the courage to choose what I desire. I salute you all for your prayers, love, care, and sacrifice. I am extremely thankful to my wife, Aisha for her patience, generous support, and love. A special gratitude goes to my children, Hajar, Maria and Sarah for their smile and love. vi 7 Conclusion and Future Work