A Study on the Instruction in the Orientation and Mobility of Pre-School Blind Children

Research Findings on Orientation and Mobility for Individuals Who Are Blind or Have Low Vision in <i>Japanese Journal of Special Education</i>

“…The practical content of the O&M instructions focuses on practice for children who are blind or have low vision and the expertise of O&M specialists. Igarashi, Aoyama, Inohira, and Watanabe (1970) and Yoshioka (2022) conducted studies on practice for children who are blind or have low vision. Igarashi et al (1970) developed the "Ability Test of Mobility for Pre-School Children" to assess the development of walking in children who are blind and who never received O&M instructions.…”

“…Igarashi, Aoyama, Inohira, and Watanabe (1970) and Yoshioka (2022) conducted studies on practice for children who are blind or have low vision. Igarashi et al (1970) developed the "Ability Test of Mobility for Pre-School Children" to assess the development of walking in children who are blind and who never received O&M instructions. Moreover, to associate the test results with the instruction content, they developed two instruction methods, namely, the "Instruction Method of Mobility on Developmental Stages" for children who are blind exhibiting a relatively smoother development, and the "Special Instruction Method of Mobility" for children who are blind exhibiting developmental setbacks.…”

“…These studies focused on the practice of O&M instructions. In particular, Igarashi et al (1970) focused on mobility skills, whereas Yoshioka (2022) focused on orientation skills.…”