A study on anatomical dimensions of bronchial tree

Shaik, Zareena; Ramulu, Mutyalapati Venkata; Hanimann, K S

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20161946

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…7,8 The rapid progress of perinatal medicine has allowed many different interventions in the tracheobronchial airways of fetal and newborn infants, as airway surgery, endotracheal intubation and bronchoscopy tracheostomy. 6,9 In this way can be detached clinical and surgical point of view, the importance of knowledge of tracheal anatomy. An important example is the knowledge of the morphology of the trachea as helpful to select the correct size of the endotracheal tube.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Another important contribution of anatomical knowledge of the trachea and its dimensions in fetuses and neonates with regard to prenatal diagnosis and monitoring of tracheal defects and abnormalities such as agenesis, atresia, tracheal stenosis, short trachea, bronchiectasis primary tracheomalacia, tracheal diverticulum, traqueomegalia, pneumonia, bronchial obstructions, foreign bodies, mediastinal masses. 6,9 At the sternal angle level, the trachea divides into its two main bronchi: right and left. Each major bronchus is then segregated again as it descends into the lungs, forming lobar and segmental bronchi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each major bronchus is then segregated again as it descends into the lungs, forming lobar and segmental bronchi. 9 Tracheal bifurcation angle or tracheobronchial angle refers to the interbronchial angle, measured between the central axes of the right and left main bronchi, and the subcarinal angle, measured along the lower edges of the two main bronchi (Figure 1). 11 Different studies on the angle of tracheal bifurcation in general have involved adults, children or both together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may also contribute indirectly to: the diagnosis of heart disease, mediastinal abnormalities, surgical resection of segments or lobes in some lung diseases, and help in choosing the correct size for a bronchoscope or certain tubes in more invasive procedures. 9,11,16 Tracheobronchial angles in human fetuses have been increasingly relevant in perinatal medicine to determine normal and pathological criteria adapted to the anatomical particularities of the fetal tracheobronchial tree. 14 The tracheal angle was also correlated with the size of the left atrium of the heart.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another clinical importance would be regarding posture in patients with suppurative pulmonary disorders. 9 The literary context points to the importance of the contribution of anatomical knowledge of the tracheobronchial tree for the early diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases and malformations, including fetal tracheobronchial surgery in the womb. Thus, a good knowledge of the biometric parameters of the fetal airway is necessary to determine the criteria for adaptation to the fetal and neonatal tracheobronchial anatomy, 14 with consequent improvement in the management of the procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical and morphometric study of tracheobronchial angles in human fetuses

Almeida¹,

Matos²,

Aragão³

et al. 2020

MOJAP

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Purpose: Tracheobronchial angles (TBA) in human fetuses have been increasingly relevant in perinatal medicine to determine normal and pathological criteria adapted to anatomical particularities of the fetal tracheobronchial tree. The present study aimed to establish, in human fetuses, in situ, through morphometry, the dimensions and quantifications of the tracheal angles, relating them with gestational age and gender. Methods: An observational and cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Anatomy and Tiradentes University's Forensic Investigation Research Center. For research, the fetuses were selected taking into account the gestational age. Thus, 41 fetuses of both sexes, aged between 20 and 38 weeks, were selected, classified and maintained in 10% formaldehyde solution. The tracheas and the main right and left bronchi were evaluated in situ, and images were obtained, from which digital analyzes were performed. Results: The tracheal bifurcation angle offers many discrepancies between the reported values in relation to the dependent sex and age differences. There were no significant differences regarding gender. There were significant differences for total TBA in terms of age. Regardless of sex and age, the right bronchial angle was smaller than the left. Angles increase from 20 to 32 weeks and decrease from 33 to 38 weeks. Conclusion: Tracheobronchial angles, regardless of age and sex, do not correlate with the number of cartilages, nor with the trachea total length, distal and proximal length of the trachea. The present findings may represent an important knowledge to endotracheal intubation, procedures in the tracheobronchial tree, pulmonary physiology studies and anthropometry pure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Anatomical and morphometric study of tracheobronchial angles in human fetuses

Almeida¹,

Matos²,

Aragão³

et al. 2020

MOJAP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A Millimeter‐Scale Soft Robot for Tissue Biopsy Procedures

Lewen

Janke

Lee

et al. 2023

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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To continue pushing the boundaries of healthcare, surgeons look to new tools that will help them perform quicker procedures and do so with the least amount of postprocedure trauma to the patient. [1] Safe interaction with healthy tissue is of great importance when it comes to regions of the body, such as the lungs or the brain, which require low-force interactions during surgery. [2] Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become a common technique in these regions of the body for its benefits of less patient pain, quicker recovery times, and less scarring. [3][4][5] Lung cancer is estimated to cause 130 180 deaths in the United States in 2022, continuing to make it the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. [6,7] Traditionally, a flexible bronchoscope is guided to the tumor site to perform tissue biopsy; however, there remains significant variability in diagnostic accuracy from 36% to 88%. Furthermore, the standard % 6mm diameter of the scope diminishes the capabilities of this technique as the majority of lesions lie in the periphery of the lung accessed only by small airways beyond the bronchoscope's reach. [8] The breathing motion, associated with normal bodily function, may contribute to variation in accuracy, changing the position of the target area throughout the entire procedure by an average of 17.6 mm depending on its location in the lungs. [9] This affects the diagnostic yield of the procedure to different degrees, with yields as low as 13.5% being common for tumors smaller than 2 cm. [9] Ultrathin, manually driven scopes have been developed at % 3mm diameters to reach deeper in the lungs; however, they require a flexible needle to be used in their single working channel, which sacrifices force transmission for the dexterity necessary to reach deeper into the lung. [10] To address the shortcomings of those traditional MIS techniques, advancements in robotic tools have been introduced over the past decade. [11] Continuum robots are employed for this task due to their added dexterity and ease of scaling. [12] Commercial platforms have been developed with these robots, such as the Auris Monarch (Auris Health Inc. CA, USA), Ion Endoluminal System (Intuitive Surgical CA, USA), Noah Medical Galaxy (Noah Medical, CA, USA), and Illumisite (Medtronic MN, USA) for bronchoscopies, and have eased procedures with image-guided teleoperation, alleviating the physical effort required by surgeons. [11,13,14] Commercial systems like these have proven scalability with diameters of 4.2 mm for the Monarch and 3.5 mm for the Ion and Noah Medical Galaxy (Noah Medical, CA, USA). [15] Concentric tube robots have been developed using individually controlled, precurved tubes as an easily scaled alternative that can transmit sufficient forces due to the use of metal materials. [16][17][18] Soft robots have recently been introduced as an alternative to traditional MIS robots due to their advantages of inherently safe

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