A Study of Skin Flap Advancement as a Function of Undermining

New Skin Flaps for Triangular Surgical Defects

“…Finally, the extent of flap undermining was limited to 1 cm in all tests to avoid tension variation. 14 As skin tension is associated with ischemia, choosing the ideal flap becomes a major criterion. In our study, the new designs with lower FIGURE 5.…”

“…Because of the variability of the characteristics in each skin block, all flaps were repeated in different pieces, and several flaps were tested together in the same pig skin block. Finally, the extent of flap undermining was limited to 1 cm in all tests to avoid tension variation 14 …”

Undermining during cutaneous wound closure for wounds less than 3 cm in diameter: a randomized split wound comparative effectiveness trial

“…The extent of wound undermining may also have varying effects. Cox et al found a difference in the effects of undermining on narrowly and broadly based flaps in pig models [ 3 ]. They demonstrated that as the area of undermining is increased, the force of advancing the edge of a flap in narrowly based flaps decreases, whereas there is an increase in shearing force for broadly based flaps that is proportionate to the circumference of the area undermined [ 3 ].…”

Establishing Tension-Free Direct Wound Closure Using the Viscoelastic Properties of the Skin

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]41 The biomechanical properties of the skin, specifically mechanical creep and stress relaxation, allow skin to stretch beyond its inherent extensibility within a relatively short period of time. 34,35 Mechanical creep is the phenomenon where skin will stretch and elongate with time as long as force is applied. If the skin is stretched to a constant distance in a state of stress relaxation, it will expand, leading to a gradually reduced tension on the skin.…”