Light-emitting diode (LED) based visible light communication (VLC), combining illumination and communication, is a promising technique of providing high-speed low-cost indoor wireless services. In indoor environments, multiple LEDs routinely used as lighting sources may also be concomitantly invoked for supporting wireless services for multiple users, thus forming a multiuser multipleinput single-output (MU-MISO) system. Since the user terminals detect all the light rays impinging from multiple LEDs, inter-user interference may severely degrade the attainable system performance. Hence, we conceive a transceiver design for indoor VLC MU-MISO systems to suppress the multiuser interference (MUI). In contrast to classic RF communication, in VLC the signals transmitted from the LEDs are restricted by optical constraints, such as the real-valued non-negativity of the optical signal, the maximum permissible optical intensity and the constant brightness requirements of the LEDs. Given these practical constraints, we design the optimal transceiver relying on the objective function (OF) of minimizing the maximum of the mean square error (MSE) between the legitimate transmitted and received signals of the users and show that it can be readily found by solving a convex secondorder cone program (SOCP). Then, we also propose a simplified transceiver design by incorporating zero-forcing transmit precoding (TPC) and show that the TPC coefficients can be efficiently found by solving a linear program. The performance of both the optimal and of the simplified transceiver is characterized by comprehensive numerical results under diverse practical VLC system setups.Index Terms: Light-emitting diode, Visible light communication, transceiver design, multiuser multipleinput single-output, light-emitting diode, mean square error 1943-0655 (c)
IEEE Photonics JournalMultiuser MISO Transceiver Design for higher-speed data transmission and the saturation of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum, VLC is deemed to be a promising technique of realizing ubiquitous indoor wireless downlink coverage [6]. VLC systems often exploit multiple lighting sources for simultaneously supporting multiple users in indoor environments [7], which leads to the concept of multiuser MISO (MU-MISO) VLC systems. Since each user terminal receives light rays from multiple LEDs, inter-user interference arises, which may severely degrade the multiuser performance. Thus, the multiuser VLC system's transceiver has to supress the multiuser interference (MUI). Although multiuser RF systems have been extensively studied, they cannot be directly applied to VLC systems owing to the following major aspects [8]:• The signals transmitted by LEDs must be non-negative real values instead of the bipolar complex values of RF communication. • In VLC, the main functionalities of LEDs are to provide indoor illumination, hence they are subject to optical power constraints for the sake of guaranteeing the indoor illumination, rather than to the electronic power constraints of RF communication...