A Study of Fecal Calprotectin in Obese Children and Adults

Abstract

Background Obesity is a complex, medical condition causally contributing to many chronic diseases and a number of efforts have been made to find the associated markers for novel prevention and treatment of obesity. Our study was to evaluate the relationship between gut immune response and obesity and overweight with use of fecal calprotectin (FC) both in adult and children groups. Methods Fecal samples were obtained from 74 subjects: 14 non-obese and overweight children (PN), 13 obese and overweight children (PO), 20 non-obese and overweight adults (AN), and 27 obese and overweight adults (AO). FC was measured using a commercial Legend Max quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BioLegend). Mann-Whitney U -test was used for statistical analysis. Results Median FC concentration was 7.9 μg/g (range, 1.9–28.9 μg/g) for PN, 5.0 μg/g (range, 2.6–29.6 μg/g) for PO, 9.5 μg/g (range, 0.8–28.9 μg/g) for AN, and 10.0 μg/g (range, 1.6–25.6 μg/g) for AO, respectively. In both adults and children age groups, the FC showed no statistically significant difference between AO and AN or PO and PN. However, FC showed statistically significant difference ( P <0.05) between AO and PO while not significant between AN and PN. Conclusion FC level in AO was significantly higher than that in PO, suggestive of different pathophysiologic mechanism between children obesity and adults obesity.

Association of clinical characteristics and lifestyle factors with fecal S100/calgranulin concentrations in healthy dogs

“…Obesity was previously shown to be associated with increased fecal calprotectin concentrations as a marker of gastrointestinal inflammation in adult people (Kant et al, 2013;Poullis et al, 2004;Verdam et al, 2013) and children (Spagnuolo et al, 2010). However, other studies have produced conflicting results of either no association of obesity with increased fecal calprotectin concentrations in adults (Brignardello et al, 2010) or only in adults but not in children, suggesting a difference in the pathophysiology of obesity between adults and children (Park & Kim, 2018). Interestingly, increases in fecal calprotectin concentrations were associated with changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome in one human study (Verdam et al, 2013), and changes in the gastrointestinal microbial profiles were shown to also differ between healthy lean and healthy obese dogs in one investigation by our group (Handl et al, 2013).…”

“…The calgranulin ratio in feces (fCalR) has not been evaluated or reported in humans or dogs with gastrointestinal conditions. Fecal S100/calgranulin concentrations were shown to be affected by increasing age, obesity, diet and also other lifestyle factors in people (Mendall et al, 2016;Park & Kim, 2018;Poullis et al, 2004). However, knowledge about the effects of patient factors (e.g.…”

“…Fecal S100/calgranulin concentrations were shown to be affected by increasing age, obesity, diet and also other lifestyle factors in people (Mendall et al., 2016; Park & Kim, 2018; Poullis et al., 2004). However, knowledge about the effects of patient factors (e.g.…”

Age-Related Fecal Calprotectin Concentrations in Healthy Adults

“…Calprotectin has one of the most critical roles in gut immunity, which is not only related to IBD but also to obesity. FC levels in obese and overweight adults were observed to be significantly higher compared to obese and overweight children in age-obesity studies [10].…”

“…The provided stool samples were subdivided and stored at −80°C, until use. The measurement used for FC detection followed Park and Kim's [10]. measurements.…”