A Study of Dust Aerosols Impact on Hurricanes with Multi-Sensors Measurement from Space

Kamal, Mohammed M.

doi:10.2174/1875413901205010073

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As a consequence, to this shift, weak storm systems were formed and this further caused suppression or delay in formation of storm systems. Similar observations were reported by Kamal, M., et al, [21] who showed that presence of dust in hurricane systems tended to reduce the energy of the developing system. Hence, the out of phase and lower amount of dust transport caused the incubation period to about 192 days before the 1 st Atlantic storm was observed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Decadal Impact Study of Saharan Dust Transport using Multi Sensor Measurements

Madhavan

Hao

2016

IJARSG

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Dust monitoring is one of the most challenging issues in today's aerosol remote sensing. Aerosol loading of dust predominantly in the arid regions is highly variable and thus poses challenges that are several magnitudes larger while compared to the monitoring of continental aerosols. This paper addresses the time varying aspects of the Saharan dust. A time series analysis from 2002-2013 of the Saharan dust region using multi-sensor measurements is done to capture the dust transport mechanisms that have been proven to have far reaching consequences in shaping the climatology of the Northern Atlantic region. Based on over decadal measurement datasets it was found that temporal and amount of dust transport were found to be a chief catalyst in the large number of storm systems (28) that occurred in 2005. Similarly, a time lag, slight change in spatial location, coupled with a reduction in the amount of dust transport had reduced the number of storm systems (11) that occurred in 2009. Relationship studies of the surface air temperatures and Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) over the study area showed a reduction in the correlation between the two geophysical parameters in 2005 compared to 2009. This means the large AOT values tended to slightly decrease the surface air temperatures. This also gave an idea of the location in terms of height of the dust to be in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (approximately between 2 km-4 km above ground surface).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Decadal Impact Study of Saharan Dust Transport using Multi Sensor Measurements

Madhavan

Hao

2016

IJARSG

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“…Based on the wind speed, pressure and humidity received by the airplane, forecasters can explain whether the hurricane is weakening or intensifying. Factors such as vertical wind shear [2][3][4][5], atmospheric moisture [6,7], air temperature [6], sea surface temperature [8,9] and dust aerosols [6,7,10] may also impact the intensity [11,12] of the hurricane after it has formed. To sustain a strong hurricane, water temperature above 80°F and warm water depths of 150 feet are needed while strong vertical shear in the atmospheric horizontal winds around the hurricane dampen its force [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To sustain a strong hurricane, water temperature above 80°F and warm water depths of 150 feet are needed while strong vertical shear in the atmospheric horizontal winds around the hurricane dampen its force [1]. Extremely dry conditions in the mid-atmosphere may act as an agent of taming hurricane force as well [6,10]. Also, Houze et al [13] reported the dynamics of the internal structure of the vortex are responsible for hurricane intensity changes, and they suggested improvements on physical understanding in forecasting hurricane intensity modeling of the internal structure of the vortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Analysis of MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aerosol Retrievals and the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) Parameters for Atlantic Hurricanes

Kamal

Yang

2012

Remote Sensing

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MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol retrievals over the North Atlantic spanning seven hurricane seasons are combined with the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) parameters. The difference between the current and future intensity changes were selected as response variables. For 24 major hurricanes (category 3, 4 and 5) between 2003 and 2009, eight lead time response variables were determined to be between 6 and 48 h. By combining MODIS and SHIPS data, 56 variables were compiled and selected as predictors for this study. Variable reduction from 56 to 31 was performed in two steps; the first step was via correlation coefficients (cc) followed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) extraction techniques. The PCA reduced 31 variables to 20. Five categories were established based on the PCA group variables exhibiting similar physical phenomena. Average aerosol retrievals from MODIS Level 2 data in the vicinity of UTC 1,200 and 1,800 h were mapped to the SHIPS parameters to perform Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) between each response variable against six sets of predictors of 31, 30, 28, 27, 23 and 20 variables. The deviation among the predictors Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) varied between 0.01 through 0.05 and, therefore, implied that reducing the number of variables did not change the core physical information. Even when the parameters are reduced from 56 to 20, the correlation values exhibit a stronger relationship between the response and predictors. Therefore, the same phenomena can be explained by the reduction of variables

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Positive feedback of dust aerosol via its impact on atmospheric stability during dust storms in the Eastern Mediterranean

Rémy

Benedetti

Haiden

et al. 2014

Preprint

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Abstract. Aerosols affect the atmosphere through the aerosol-radiation and the aerosol-clouds interactions. In this paper we report on a new mechanism whereby the radiative effect of dust aerosol on surface fluxes acts to increase the dust loading of the atmosphere via modification of boundary-layer stability, thereby acting to enhance the radiative aerosol effect. This positive feedback between dust aerosol and boundary layer stability occurred during a series of dust storms in the Sahara and the Eastern Mediterranean in April 2012, which were studied using the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate – Interim Implementation (MACC-II) system. The radiative fluxes in the shortwave and long-wave spectra were both significantly affected by the prognostic aerosols-radiation interation, which strongly influenced the meteorological simulation. Reduced incoming solar radiation below the aerosol layers caused a decrease in maximum surface temperatures, and consequently a more stable thermal stratification of the lower atmosphere. The increased thermal stability led to decreased surface wind speeds and therefore to smaller amounts of dust aerosol emissions. Larger downwelling long-wave fluxes were associated with the opposite processes: less stable thermal stratification at night, brought mainly by higher minimum temperatures at the surface, caused stronger surface winds. Overall, the impact by the long-wave radiative forcing was more important than the short-wave contribution. This feedback was amplified when taken into account in the aerosol analysis of the MACC-II global system. It lead to a notable improvement in short term forecast of short and long-wave radiative fluxes, of surface temperature but also of the aerosol burden itself. Forecasts of radiative fluxes in the shortwave and long-wave spectrum were also improved. At a longer range the improvement were less important as the forecast error of the aerosol load increased, thereby highlighting the importance of accurate aerosol representation in the study of aerosol-radiation interaction.

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A Study of Dust Aerosols Impact on Hurricanes with Multi-Sensors Measurement from Space

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Decadal Impact Study of Saharan Dust Transport using Multi Sensor Measurements

Decadal Impact Study of Saharan Dust Transport using Multi Sensor Measurements

Multivariate Analysis of MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aerosol Retrievals and the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) Parameters for Atlantic Hurricanes

Positive feedback of dust aerosol via its impact on atmospheric stability during dust storms in the Eastern Mediterranean

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