A structure–property study of fluoranthene-cored hole-transporting materials enables 19.3% efficiency in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

Sun, Xiao; Wu, Fei; Zhong, Cheng; Zhu, Linna; Li, Zhong’an

doi:10.1039/c9sc01697j

Cited by 83 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The stability test in the glove box rules out the influence of external moisture and oxygen and hence it clearly reveals the effect of dopants on the intrinsic stability of device. Different than doped HTL such as spiro‐OMeTAD, which exhibited 75% drop in PCE of initial value according to the previous report, the stability of devices based on both DMZ and PEDOT:PSS shows a similar trend when kept in the glove box. Both efficiencies remain above 88% of the initial value after 996 h, showing the intrinsic stability of device owing to the dopant‐free characteristic in both PEDOT:PSS and DMZ.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

High‐Performance Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Enhanced by Thickness Tuning of New Dopant‐Free Hole Transporting Layer

Lai

Meng

et al. 2019

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A new hole transporting material (HTM) named DMZ is synthesized and employed as a dopant‐free HTM in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Systematic studies demonstrate that the thickness of the hole transporting layer can effectively enhance the morphology and crystallinity of the perovskite layer, leading to low series resistance and less defects in the crystal. As a result, the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.61% with JSC = 22.62 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.02 V, and FF = 81.05% (an average one is 17.62%) is achieved with a thickness of ≈13 nm of DMZ (2 mg mL−1) under standard global AM 1.5 illumination, which is ≈1.5 times higher than that of devices based on poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS). More importantly, the devices based on DMZ exhibit a much better stability (90% of maximum PCE retained after more than 556 h in air (relative humidity ≈ 45%–50%) without any encapsulation) than that of devices based on PEDOT:PSS (only 36% of initial PCE retained after 77 h in same conditions). Therefore, the cost‐effective and facile material named DMZ offers an appealing alternative to PEDOT:PSS or polytriarylamine for highly efficient and stable inverted planar PSCs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

High‐Performance Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Enhanced by Thickness Tuning of New Dopant‐Free Hole Transporting Layer

Lai

Meng

et al. 2019

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“…Subsequently, these undoped HTMs were employed in a device configuration of ITO/C 60 /MAPbI x Cl 3– x /HTL/MoO 3 /Ag. Among them, 4,4′‐((1 E ,1′ E )‐fluoranthene‐3,8‐diylbis(ethene‐2,1‐diyl))bis( N , N ‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline) (FBA3), with a low lab synthesis cost of only $14.75 per gram, delivered an impressive PCE of 19.27% . Under identical ageing tests, while over 90% of the initial PCEs can be retained for all the dopant‐free devices, that of the doped Spiro‐OMeTAD decayed to 75% of its initial value.…”

Section: Organic Hole Transporting Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Dopant‐Free Organic Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

Pham

Yang

Jain

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

217

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There has been considerable progress over the last decade in development of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with reported performances now surpassing 25.2% power conversion efficiency. Both long‐term stability and component costs of PSCs remain to be addressed by the research community, using hole transporting materials (HTMs) such as 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐pmethoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene(Spiro‐OMeTAD) and poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA). HTMs are essential for high‐performance PSC devices. Although effective, these materials require a relatively high degree of doping with additives to improve charge mobility and interlayer/substrate compatibility, introducing doping‐induced stability issues with these HTMs, and further, additional costs and experimental complexity associated with using these doped materials. This article reviews dopant‐free organic HTMs for PSCs, outlining reports of structures with promising properties toward achieving low‐cost, effective, and scalable materials for devices with long‐term stability. It summarizes recent literature reports on non‐doped, alternative, and more stable HTMs used in PSCs as essential components for high‐efficiency cells, categorizing HTMs as reported for different PSC architectures in addition to use of dopant‐free small molecular and polymeric HTMs. Finally, an outlook and critical assessment of dopant‐free organic HTMs toward commercial application and insight into the development of stable PSC devices is provided.

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“…Up to now, the reported polycyclic cores can be grouped into four types according to their fused degree, namely tetracyclic, [121][122][123] pentacyclic, [124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132] hexacyclic, [133] and heptacyclic cores (Figure 9). [134][135][136] There are two kinds of structures for tetracyclic cores, fluoranthene and benzotrithiophene (BTT).…”

Section: Polycyclic Coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, PCEs of 18.03% and 17.01% for regular and inverted type PSCs were accomplished, respectively. In 2019, the same group [122] constructed a series of SM-HTMs with fluoranthene as the core, TPA as the arms, and a double bond as the spacer, where fluoranthene served as an electron-deficient unit (namely acceptor unit) owing to its cyclopenta-fused non-alternant structure. Different from BTF-4, here the molecule FBA3 selected TPA as the arms, thus the HOMO level could be down-shifted since TPA owns a weaker electron-donating ability than DPA.…”

Section: Polycyclic Coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Solution‐Processable Dopant‐Free Small Molecules as Hole‐Transporting Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on conventional hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) have achieved power conversion efficiencies comparable to those of typical inorganic solar cells; however, the dopants used to increase the hole mobility or the film‐forming ability impart these devices with a poor long‐term stability, blocking the industrial commercialization of PSCs. As an alternative, HTMs without any dopants are explored. Herein, dopant‐free small molecular HTMs (SM‐HTMs) are reviewed and the performance based on the analyses of their molecular structures are evaluated. A summary of the designing principle and an outlook of the development of highly efficient SM‐HTMs are presented.

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A structure–property study of fluoranthene-cored hole-transporting materials enables 19.3% efficiency in dopant-free perovskite solar cells

Abstract: A systematic structure–property correlation study was conducted to preliminarily elucidate an inherent regularity governing the structure of dopant-free HTMs.

Cited by 83 publications

References 60 publications

High‐Performance Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Enhanced by Thickness Tuning of New Dopant‐Free Hole Transporting Layer

High‐Performance Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Enhanced by Thickness Tuning of New Dopant‐Free Hole Transporting Layer

Development of Dopant‐Free Organic Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

A Review on Solution‐Processable Dopant‐Free Small Molecules as Hole‐Transporting Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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