A Strategy for Producing Pure Single‐Layer Graphene Sheets Based on a Confined Self‐Assembly Approach

Zhang, Weixia; Cui, Jiecheng; Tao, Cheng‐an; Wu, Yiguang; Li, Zhanping; Ma, Li; Wen, Yuquan; Li, Guangtao

doi:10.1002/ange.200902365

Cited by 101 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Graphene nanosheet (GN), a novel planar nanomaterial reported for the first time in 2004,5 has generated great attentions due to its distinct physical properties and potential applications on nanoelectronic devices,6–8 transparent conductors,9, 10 nanocomposites,11, 12 and so on. In this context, extensive researches are being pursued on single‐, bi‐ and few‐layers graphene13–15 as well as graphene oxide (GO) 16, 17. More recently, it is found that the planar structure of GN imparts it excellent capability for the immobilization of a large number of substances, including biomolecules,18 metals,19 drugs,20 fluorescent molecules,21 and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering of a novel pluronic F127/graphene nanohybrid for pH responsive drug delivery

Hu¹,

Yu²,

Li³

et al. 2011

J Biomedical Materials Res

185

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Herein, a novel Pluronic F127/graphene nanosheet (PF127/GN) hybrid was prepared via an one-pot process including the simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and assembly of PF127 and GN. The nanohybrid exhibits high water dispersibility and stability in physiological environment with the hydrophilic chains of PF127 extending to the solution while the hydrophobic segments anchoring at the surface of graphene via hydrophobic interaction. The PF127/GN nanohybrid is found to be capable of effectively encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) with ultrahigh drug-loading efficiency (DLE; 289%, w/w) and exhibits a pH responsive drug release behavior. The superb DLE of the PF127/GN nanohybrid relies on the introduction of GN which is structurally compatible with DOX. Cellular toxicity assays performed on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells demonstrate that the PF127/GN nanohybrid displays no obvious cytotoxicity, whereas the PF127/GN-loaded DOX (PF127/GN/DOX) shows remarkable cytotoxicity to the MCF-7. Cell internalization study reveals that PF127/GN nanohybrid facilitates the transfer of DOX into MCF-7 cells, evidenced by the image of confocal laser scanning microscopy. The above results indicate the potential application of this novel nanocarrier in biomedicine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering of a novel pluronic F127/graphene nanohybrid for pH responsive drug delivery

Hu¹,

Yu²,

Li³

et al. 2011

J Biomedical Materials Res

185

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“…As shown in Figure 3 c-e, the deconvolution of the C1 s peak revealed three components centered at 284.9, 285.7, and 286.8 eV, which would be associated with sp 2 carbon atoms, sp 3 carbon atoms, and O-C-O groups. [22] The main component is sp 2 bonded carbon (72.6-74.8 %), whereas sp 3 carbon (21.7-22.3 %) and oxygen groups (3.5-5 %) constitute a small part of graphene sheets. This is consistent with the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis that showed 94.6-97.5 % carbon and 2.5-5.4 % oxygen in HSG…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Honeycomb‐Like Structured Graphene and Its High Efficiency as a Counter‐Electrode Catalyst for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

et al. 2013

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Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon sheet, [1] has attracted great interest due to its unique properties. [2,3] To explore its practical applications, large-scale synthesis with controllable integration of individual graphene sheets is essential. To date, numerous approaches have been developed for graphene synthesis, including mechanical cleavage, [1] epitaxial growth, [4] and chemical vapor deposition. [5] All of those techniques are used to prepare flat graphene sheets on a substrate. Chemical exfoliation of graphite has been applied to prepare graphene oxide solutions and graphene-based composite materials. [6,7] Recently, tuning graphene shapes is attracting much attention. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Cheng and co-workers synthesized graphene foam using porous Ni foam as a template for the CVD growth of graphene, followed by etching away the Ni skeleton. [8] The graphene foam consists of an interconnected flexible network of graphene as the fast transport channel of charge carriers for high electrical conductivity. Ruoff et al. prepared porous graphene paper from microwave exfoliated graphene oxide by KOH activation. [9] The porous graphene, which has an ultra-high surface area and a high electrical conductivity, was exploited for supercapacitor cells, leading to high values of gravimetric capacitance and energy density. Feng, Müllen, and co-workers synthesized hierarchical macro-and mesoporous graphene frameworks (GFs). [10][11][12] The GFs exhibited excellent performance for electrochemical capacitive energy storage. Yu et al. [13] and Qu et al. [14] fabricated graphene tubes that could be selectively functionalized for desirable applications. Choi et al. synthesized macroporous graphene using polystyrene colloidal particles as sacrificial templates in graphene oxide suspension, [15] and the pore sizes can be tuned by controlling template particle size. [16] These important results represent a significant topic-tuning the properties of graphene sheets by controlling their shapes. However, it is still a challenge to synthesize three-dimensional graphene (3D) with a desirable shape.Herein, we develop a novel strategy for the synthesis of a new type of graphene sheet with a 3D honeycomb-like structure by a simple reaction between Li 2 O and CO. Furthermore, these graphene sheets exhibited excellent catalytic performance as a counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with an energy conversion efficiency as high as 7.8 %, which is comparable to that of an expensive platinum electrode.Li 2 O is widely exploited as a promoter in catalysts to inhibit carbon formation. [17] However, this general principle is challenged by this work, in which Li 2 O is used to react with CO to form graphene-structured carbon [Eq. (1)]This strategy is supported by our thermodynamic calculations: The Gibbs free energy change is negative, indicating that this reaction is thermodynamically favorable ( Figure S1 in the Supporting Information). The negative enthalpy change (DH 298 = À397.5 kJ mol À1 ) suggests it is a...

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“…The next bands at ~1340 and 1600 cm −1 are characteristic for the D band and G band of GO and reduced GO. G band is common to all sp 2 carbon forms and provides information on the in‐plane vibration of sp 2 ‐bonded carbon atoms .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping of TiO₂–GO and TiO₂–rGO with Noble Metals: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance for Azo Dye Discoloration

Štengl

Henych

Vomáčka

et al. 2013

Photochem & Photobiology

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The nanocomposites of titania coupled with graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), respectively, were prepared by homogeneous hydrolysis with urea. Graphene was obtained by effect of high-intensity cavitation field on natural graphite in the presence of strong aprotic solvents in pressurized ultrasonic reactor. The morphology of TiO2-GO and TiO2-rGO composites was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption was used for determination of surface area (BET) and porosity. Raman and IR spectroscopy were used for qualitative analysis and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was employed to estimate band-gap energies. Further enhancement of the photocatalytic activity was attained by codoping of composites with noble metals--Au, Pd and Pt. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2-GO and TiO2-rGO were assessed by photocatalytic decomposition of Orange II dye in an aqueous slurry under UV and visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of noble metals codoped samples was determined with decomposition of Reactive Black 5 azo dye.

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A Strategy for Producing Pure Single‐Layer Graphene Sheets Based on a Confined Self‐Assembly Approach

Cited by 101 publications

References 28 publications

Engineering of a novel pluronic F127/graphene nanohybrid for pH responsive drug delivery

Engineering of a novel pluronic F127/graphene nanohybrid for pH responsive drug delivery

3D Honeycomb‐Like Structured Graphene and Its High Efficiency as a Counter‐Electrode Catalyst for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Doping of TiO₂–GO and TiO₂–rGO with Noble Metals: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance for Azo Dye Discoloration

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A Strategy for Producing Pure Single‐Layer Graphene Sheets Based on a Confined Self‐Assembly Approach

Cited by 101 publications

References 28 publications

Engineering of a novel pluronic F127/graphene nanohybrid for pH responsive drug delivery

Engineering of a novel pluronic F127/graphene nanohybrid for pH responsive drug delivery

3D Honeycomb‐Like Structured Graphene and Its High Efficiency as a Counter‐Electrode Catalyst for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Doping of TiO2–GO and TiO2–rGO with Noble Metals: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance for Azo Dye Discoloration

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Doping of TiO₂–GO and TiO₂–rGO with Noble Metals: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Performance for Azo Dye Discoloration