A stilbene dimer and flavonoids from the aerial parts of Chromolaena odorata with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 expression inhibitory activity

Prenylated Flavonoid Glycosides with PCSK9 mRNA Expression Inhibitory Activity from the Aerial Parts of Epimedium koreanum

“…The known compounds 5-22 (Figure 1) were confirmed by NMR and MS as koreanoside E (5) [21], icariside I (6) [22], ikarisoside A (7) [23], icariside II (8) [24], epime-doside A (9) [6,25], icariin (10) [26], epimedin A (11) [3], korepimedoside C (12) [27], epimedin B (13) [3], epimedin C ( 14) [3], anhydroicaritin 3-O-β-D-fucopyranosyl(1→2)-α-Lrhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15) [28], icarisid I ( 16) [29], korepimedoside A (17) [30], epimedokoreanoside I (18) [6], korepimeoside C (19) [31], epimedin L (20) [5], caohuoside B (21) [32], and epimedoicarisoside A ( 22) [33]. Compound 1 was obtained as a yellow amorphous powder and its molecular formula was determined to be C 35 1), a singlet proton signal at δ H 6.65 (1H, s, H-6), two doublet signals at δ H 7.85 (2H, d, J = 8.8 Hz, H-2 and H-6 ) and 7.10 (2H, d, J = 8.8 Hz, H-3 and H-5 ) corresponding to a flavonol skeleton, and the signals responsible for an isoprenyl unit at δ H 3.52 (1H, m, H-11a), 3.57 (1H, m, H-11b), 5.19 (1H, t, J = 6.8 Hz, H-12), 1.64 (3H, s, H-14), and 1.73 (3H, s, H-15) were observed.…”

“…As part of our ongoing project to discover PCSK9 expression inhibitory compounds from medicinal plants [17][18][19][20], the n-BuOH-soluble fraction of the aerial parts of E. koreanum was selected for further investigation due to its initial PCSK9 mRNA expression inhibitory activity (Supplementary Material Figure S1-1). However, there are no reports regarding PCSK9 inhibitory substances from this plant.…”

Chemical Constituents with Inhibitory Activities on Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/kexin Type 9 Expression from the Aerial Parts of Penthorum chinense

“…The number of independent experiments analyzed is given in the gure captions. quercetin (35) [10], kaempferol (36) [10], astragalin (37) [38], isoquercitrin (38) [38], ellagic acid (39) [39] ( Fig. 1).…”

“…In particular, extracts or individual constituents from P. chinense displayed therapeutic potentials for hepatic disorders such as hepatitis [5,6], fatty liver [3,4], and hepatocarcinoma [2]. As our ongoing project to pursue naturally occurring inhibitors on proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) [9][10][11], 39 compounds including two new neolignans and two naturally occurring chalcone glycosides were isolated and all isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on the expression of PCSK9 which is involved in degrading low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and thereby results in inhibiting LDL uptake into cells [12][13][14]. In addition, PCSK9-LDLR interaction was tested for all isolated compounds.…”

5,6,7,4′-Tetramethoxyflavanone attenuates NADPH oxidase 1/4 and promotes sirtuin-1 to inhibit cell stress, senescence and apoptosis in Aβ25-35–mediated SK-N-SH dysfunction

“…The plant is commonly used in traditional medicine in Thailand for wound healing and to stop bleeding (Vijayaraghavan et al, 2017[ 48 ]). Importantly, TMF has plentiful antioxidant properties and is abundant in Thai forests (Pel et al, 2020[ 34 ]; Sirinthipaporn and Jiraungkoorskul, 2017[ 39 ]). Recently, TMF was reported to be a neuroprotective agent that reduces inflammatory responses together with amyloidogenesis prior to promoting synaptic plasticity and cognition (Pakdeepak et al, 2020[ 33 ]).…”