A Statistical Study of Two Classes of Coronal Mass Ejections

Moon, Yong‐Jae; Choe, G. S.; Wang, Haimin; Park, Y. D.; Gopalswamy, N.; Guo, Yang; Yashiro, S.

doi:10.1086/344088

Cited by 201 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We find that the highest flux X-ray flares are also associated with faster and wider CMEs. This is consistent with earlier results (e.g., SC 23 CME analysis by Moon et al 2002). We note that while a trend of increasing width and speed is found, there is no significant statistical relationship from a linear regression analysis (R 2 < 0.1).…”

Section: Cme Ratessupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparing SSN Index to X-Ray Flare and Coronal Mass Ejection Rates from Solar Cycles 22 – 24

2016

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The newly revised sunspot number series allows for placing historical geoeffective storms in the context of several hundred years of solar activity. Using statistical analyses of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) X-ray observations from the past ≈ 30 years and the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) catalog (1996 -present), we present sunspot-number-dependent flare and CME rates. In particular, we present Xray flare rates as a function of sunspot number for the past three cycles. We also show that the 1 -8Å X-ray background flux is strongly correlated with sunspot number across solar cycles. Similarly, we show that the CME properties (e.g., proxies related to the CME linear speed and width) are also correlated with sunspot number for SC 23 and 24. These updated rates will enable future predictions for geoeffective events and place historical storms in the context of present solar activity.

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Section: Cme Ratessupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparing SSN Index to X-Ray Flare and Coronal Mass Ejection Rates from Solar Cycles 22 – 24

2016

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“…A better correlation (0.56) is found in the flare fluence (total flux) versus CME speed. Moon et al (2002) reported a correlation coefficient of 0.47 between flare fluence and CME speed observed by GOES and SOHO/LASCO. The coefficient is lower than ours (0.56).…”

Section: Energy Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 96%

Statistical relationship between solar flares and coronal mass ejections

Yashiro

Gopalswamy

2008

Proc. IAU

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Abstract. We report on the statistical relationships between solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed during 1996-2007 inclusively. We used soft X-ray flares observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and CMEs observed by the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) mission. Main results are (1) the CME association rate increases with flare's peak flux, fluence, and duration, (2) the difference between flare and CME onsets shows a Gaussian distribution with the standard deviation σ = 17 min (σ = 15 min) for the first (second) order extrapolated CME onset, (3) the most frequent flare site is under the center of the CME span, not near one leg (outer edge) of the CMEs, (4) a good correlation was found between the flare fluence versus the CME kinetic energy. Implications for flare-CME models are discussed.

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“…In the field of view of the LASCO coronagraphs these two events Table 1 The kinematic properties of the expanding loops (EL) and the blob-like (PE) structure for 2012 March 4 1 and for 2013 August 6 2 , respectively. The values in the brackets were taken from Moon et al (2002). have almost the same, positive accelerations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have almost the same, positive accelerations. According to the statistical study from Moon et al (2002), CMEs associated with flares of the class above M1, show an acceleration lower than 20 m s −2 , and they tend to decelerate at least in the LASCO C2 and C3 field of view. A partial eruption of the cold plasma of the CME-EP is observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma diagnostics in two kinematic classes of CMEs observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamic Observatory

et al. 2016

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In order to study the dynamics and thermal properties of two kinematic classes of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) we analyzed two well-observed events in the early stage of their propagation, using multiwavelength observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) of the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO). For deriving differential emission measure (DEM) profiles and DEM maps of the basic structures of CMEs, we used two methods: the regularized inversion and the iterative forward-fitting approach. For the CME associated with a M2.0 class flare (CME-FL), we identified a hot, moving, blob-like feature which seems to be a candidate for a CME flux rope. Furthermore, an expanding system of loop and coronal dimming was clearly seen in AIA images. For the CME related to an eruptive prominence (CME-EP), we observed an eruptive plasmoid and a failed-eruption of cold plasma. However, we also recognized warm and hot moving signatures that revealed a multi-temperature nature of the eruptive prominence. Our main results are as follows: (a) An analysis of the examples of the two different kinematic classes of CMEs shows that despite the slight variations in the values of speeds and accelerations (CME-FL: v ≈ 174 km s −1 , a ≈ 350 m s −2 ; CME-EP: v ≈ 135 km s −1 , a ≈ 160 m s −2 ) they present the same kinematic behavior; (b) in the field of view of the LASCO coronagraphs these two events have the similar, positive accelerations; (c) for both events we observed an impulsive acceleration phase (IAP); (d) the expanding structures seen in 171 Å, 193 Å, 211 Å in both events move faster than the hotter blobs; (e) the plasmoid core for the CME-FL is hot (8.0-15.8 MK); (f) the expanding blob and the hot structure in the prominence region for the CME-EP event have the similar temperature range (0.8-2.5 MK).

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A Statistical Study of Two Classes of Coronal Mass Ejections

Cited by 201 publications

References 20 publications

Comparing SSN Index to X-Ray Flare and Coronal Mass Ejection Rates from Solar Cycles 22 – 24

Comparing SSN Index to X-Ray Flare and Coronal Mass Ejection Rates from Solar Cycles 22 – 24

Statistical relationship between solar flares and coronal mass ejections

Plasma diagnostics in two kinematic classes of CMEs observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamic Observatory

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