A spatiotemporal object-oriented data model for landslides (LOOM)

Abstract

LOOM (landslide object-oriented model) is here presented as a data structure for landslide inventories based on the object-oriented paradigm. It aims at the effective storage, in a single dataset, of the complex spatial and temporal relations between landslides recorded and mapped in an area and at their manipulation. Spatial relations are handled through a hierarchical classification based on topological rules and two levels of aggregation are defined: (i) landslide complexes, grouping spatially connected landslides of the same type, and (ii) landslide systems, merging landslides of any type sharing a spatial connection. For the aggregation procedure, a minimal functional interaction between landslide objects has been defined as a spatial overlap between objects. Temporal characterization of landslides is achieved by assigning to each object an exact date or a time range for its occurrence, integrating both the time frame and the event-based approaches. The sum of spatial integrity and temporal characterization ensures the storage of vertical relations between landslides, so that the superimposition of events can be easily retrieved querying the temporal dataset. The here proposed methodology for landslides inventorying has been tested on selected case studies in the Cilento UNESCO Global Geopark (Italy). We demonstrate that the proposed LOOM model avoids data fragmentation or redundancy and topological inconsistency between the digital data and the real-world features. This application revealed to be powerful for the reconstruction of the gravity-induced deformation history of hillslopes, thus for the prediction of their evolution.

Defining the Geotourism Potential of the CILENTO, Vallo di Diano and Alburni UNESCO Global Geopark (Southern Italy)

“…The old village of Roscigno was abandoned in 1964 and the new town has been rebuilt in another location because of the reactivation of an ancient landslide [57] (Figure 9).…”

“…The old village of Roscigno was abandoned in 1964 and the new town has been rebuilt in another location because of the reactivation of an ancient landslide [57] (Figure 9). The landslide is a huge and complex slide-earth flow affecting a slightly deformed clayey-marly-arenaceous succession [57]. Several authors pointed out the presence of a The landslide is a huge and complex slide-earth flow affecting a slightly deformed clayey-marly-arenaceous succession [57].…”

“…The landslide is a huge and complex slide-earth flow affecting a slightly deformed clayey-marly-arenaceous succession [57]. Several authors pointed out the presence of a The landslide is a huge and complex slide-earth flow affecting a slightly deformed clayey-marly-arenaceous succession [57]. Several authors pointed out the presence of a quiescent deep-seated landslide on top of which several shallow landslides occur (e.g., clay rotational slides, clay rotational slides-earth flows and soil creeps) [57,58].…”

“…Several authors pointed out the presence of a The landslide is a huge and complex slide-earth flow affecting a slightly deformed clayey-marly-arenaceous succession [57]. Several authors pointed out the presence of a quiescent deep-seated landslide on top of which several shallow landslides occur (e.g., clay rotational slides, clay rotational slides-earth flows and soil creeps) [57,58]. Furthermore, besides the abandoned town of Roscigno, landsliding also affected the archaeological site of Mt.…”

“…Furthermore, besides the abandoned town of Roscigno, landsliding also affected the archaeological site of Mt. Pruno and landslide activity could be traced back to the III-IV century BCE [57]. Apart from its value as an example of an ancient rural village of the inner region of the Geopark, it can be useful to explain how, sometimes, the local administrators must make very difficult decisions (village de-localization) to counteract the effect of the landslide risk, which is one of the most widespread geological hazards in the Geopark.…”