A Sparse Voxel Octree-Based Framework for Computing Solar Radiation Using 3D City Models

Liang, Jianming; Gong, Jianhua

doi:10.3390/ijgi6040106

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Pixel is a 2D-based raster grid, and voxel is its 3D version. Its representation precision depends on the smallest size of the voxel, so it is flexible for voxel-based modelling method (e.g., Octree) to adjust its scale (Liang and Gong, 2017). Sweep: It scans the 2D area or object along a path perpendicular to the plane simultaneously with depth estimation so that 3D information can be derived (Schöps et al, 2017).…”

Section: Geometric Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sweep, image-based modelling also has good operability with reduced processing time under the optimisation of algorithms (Schöps et al, 2017). Voxelbased modelling is flexible and allows changing the single voxel scales (Liang and Gong, 2017).…”

Section: Technical Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4. Voxel presentation at different scales (Liang and Gong, 2017) Usage domain: The usage domain summaries for 3D modelling methods are shown in below (Table 2).…”

Section: Users Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban 3d Modelling Methods: A State-of-the-Art Review

Ying

Koeva

Kuffer

et al. 2020

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. As urbanisation accelerates, the urban landscape reshapes at a fast pace. Consequently, the urban built environment continuously evolves horizontally as well as vertically. However, more attention in the field of spatial analysis is given to horizontal dynamics, despite the importance of geoinformation in the vertical dimension. 3D modelling methods have gained popularity due to their powerful capability of capturing and analysing geoinformation in the vertical dimension and visualising objects lifelike in the urban built environment. Various urban applications with diverse 3D modelling methods at different research scales and purposes have emerged. However, there is no systematic overview of these different modelling methods. Therefore, it is imperative to provide an up-to-date review of these advances. In this paper, we aim to review urban 3D modelling methods widely used in the prior 5-year period (2015–2020). Our analysis focuses on five attributes, i.e., basic characteristics, data requirements, technical requirements, users requirements and ethical considerations. The discussion presents the current status of 3D modelling methods – a wide range of applications yet with substantial development potential. This paper closes with insights for future work regarding the necessities of 3D data structure support as well as interdisciplinary research, specifically for big data management and integration.

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Section: Geometric Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Technical Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban 3d Modelling Methods: A State-of-the-Art Review

Ying

Koeva

Kuffer

et al. 2020

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…Liang et al [4] used graphics processing unit (GPU)-based ray casting to calculate solar irradiation on building roofs and facades, but the obtained solution was optimized specifically for building footprints-extruded 3D-city models and did not perform well with complex scenes comprising dense CAD meshes. Liang et al [5] used a novel type of GPU ray casting technique accelerated with a sparse voxel octree to calculate solar irradiation on building surfaces in real time, but the solution cannot accommodate large scenes due to video memory limitation. Kaňuk et al [6] recently developed a GRASS GIS r.sun extension to calculate solar irradiation on triangular irregular networks (TINs), which is a widely used GIS data format.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar3D: An Open-Source Tool for Estimating Solar Radiation in Urban Environments

Liang¹,

Gong

Xie

et al. 2020

IJGI

Self Cite

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Solar3D is an open-source software application designed to interactively calculate solar irradiation on three-dimensional (3D) surfaces in a virtual environment constructed with combinations of 3D-city models, digital elevation models (DEMs), digital surface models (DSMs) and feature layers. The GRASS GIS r.sun solar radiation model computes solar irradiation based on two-dimensional (2D) raster maps for a given day, latitude, surface and atmospheric conditions. With the increasing availability of 3D-city models and demand for solar energy, there is an urgent need for better tools to computes solar radiation directly with 3D-city models. Solar3D extends the GRASS GIS r.sun model from 2D to 3D by feeding the model with input, including surface slope, aspect and time-resolved shading, which is derived directly from the 3D scene using computer graphics techniques. To summarize, Solar3D offers several new features that—as a whole—distinguish this novel approach from existing 3D solar irradiation tools in the following ways. (1) Solar3D can consume massive heterogeneous 3D-city models, including massive 3D-city models such as oblique airborne photogrammetry-based 3D-city models (OAP3Ds or integrated meshes); (2) Solar3D can perform near real-time pointwise calculation for duration from daily to annual; (3) Solar3D can integrate and interactively explore large-scale heterogeneous geospatial data; (4) Solar3D can calculate solar irradiation at arbitrary surface positions including on rooftops, facades and the ground.

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“…These two spatial analyses are among the most applicable ones in GIS because they are used in a wide range of use cases [28,29], although they are also often used in conjunction with other analyses such as sky view factor [13,30]. An overview of the example cases is given below.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The VI-Suite: a set of environmental analysis tools with geospatial data applications

Southall

Biljecki

2017

Open geospatial data, softw. stand.

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Background:The VI-Suite is a free and open-source addon for the 3D content creation application Blender, developed primarily as a tool for the contextual and performative analysis of buildings. Its functionality has grown from simple, static lighting analysis to fully parametric lighting, shadowing, and building energy analyses. It adopts a flexible, mesh geometry based approach to the specification of calculation points and this has made it suitable for certain types of 3D geospatial analyses and data visualisation. Results: As this is the first academic paper to discuss the VI-Suite, a history of its development is presented along with a review of its capabilities of relevance to geospatial analysis. As the VI-Suite combines the functionality of 3D design software with performance simulation, some of the benefits of this combination are discussed including aspects that make it suitable for the processing and analysis of potentially large geospatial datasets. Example use cases with a 3D city model of the Hague are used to demonstrate some of the geospatial workflows possible and some of the result visualisation options. Conclusions:The free and open-source nature of the VI-Suite, combined with the use of Blender mesh geometry to define calculation points, has encouraged usage scenarios not originally intended by the authors, for example large scale urban shadow and radiation analyses. The flexibility inherent in this mesh based approach enables the analysis of large geospatial datasets by giving the user refined control over the distribution of calculation points within the model. The integration of GIS analysis into a digital design package such as Blender offers advanced geometry/material editing and specification, provides tools such as ray casting and BVH tree generation to speed up the simulation of large datasets, and enhanced visualisation of GIS simulation data including animated city fly-throughs and high quality image production. The VI-Suite is part of a completely open-source tool chain and contributions from the community are welcome to further enhance its current geospatial data capabilities.

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A Sparse Voxel Octree-Based Framework for Computing Solar Radiation Using 3D City Models

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Urban 3d Modelling Methods: A State-of-the-Art Review

Urban 3d Modelling Methods: A State-of-the-Art Review

Solar3D: An Open-Source Tool for Estimating Solar Radiation in Urban Environments

The VI-Suite: a set of environmental analysis tools with geospatial data applications

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