A SnO2/graphene composite as a high stability electrode for lithium ion batteries

Wang, Xuyang; Zhou, Xufeng; Yao, Ke; Zhang, Jiangang; Liu, Zhaoping

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2010.08.052

Cited by 383 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Unfortunately, none of these enabled satisfactory long term stability (maximum 100 cycles), and most of them showed a high 1 st cycle irreversible capacity (see Table 2 ). At the same time, previously reported graphene-containing alloy (e.g., Sn, [ 144 ] SnO 2 [145][146][147][148][149] or Si [150][151][152][153] ), conversion (e.g., Fe 3 O 4 , [154][155][156][157] Co 3 O 4 [158][159][160][161] or CuO [162][163][164] ) and insertion (e.g., TiO 2 [165][166][167][168] or LTO [169][170][171] ) hybrids were further improved. Interestingly, some appealing approaches, such as the use of ternary hybrids (e.g., RGO/SnO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 [ 172 ] or RGO/CNT/ Sn [ 173 ] ), porous 3D (e.g., RGO/Fe 3 O 4 [ 174,175 ] ) and hollow architectures (e.g., RGO/Fe 3 O 4 [ 176 ] and RGO/TiO 2 [ 168 ] ), were introduced.…”

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confidence: 75%

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

et al. 2016

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that its extraordinary properties would enable revolutionary new technologies, which gave birth to the "graphene era". [ 3,4 ] Relying on this scenario, in 2013, the European Union launched the ¤1 billion "Graphene Flagship" project aimed to investigate the properties of this new form of carbon for various applications (e.g., electronics, sensors and energy storage devices), with the ambitious goal of guiding graphene from laboratories to commercial applications within a decade. [ 5,6 ] In the same period, the Chinese Government set up a similar investment to mass-produce graphene as thin fi lms (e.g., for touchscreen electrodes) and platelets (e.g., for use in batteries). [ 6 ] In the following years, hundreds of patents, mainly focused on manufacturing and application in energy storage, were fi led and the worldwide production of graphene and graphene-containing materials rapidly increased. Although a few Chinese industries claimed to already use graphene-containing materials for smartphone production, no revolutionary practical application relying on graphene has been yet developed. [ 6 ] Specifi cally with respect to the battery fi eld, a close analysis of the scientifi c literature reveals a struggle to meet the ambitious initial targets. A potential loss of focus from the fi nal application caused by hype and ease of publication on such a novel matter, together with the delivery of very misleading information [ 7,8 ] and erroneous statements [ 7 ] concerning the use of graphene in batteries are emerging as possible reasons of the ineffective graphene-era outburst. In this progress report, we do not focus on production and classifi cation of graphene and graphene-containing materials, which were already well reported in the past years. [ 3,[9][10][11] In contrast, due to the lack of an exhaustive analysis of the progression of the use of such materials in lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes, we report here a critical evaluation of the most prominent research papers published from 2008 until the end of 2015. As shown in Figure 1 , three different stages of the graphene research in LIB anodes can be distinguished: a fi rst stationary phase between 2008 and 2010 where the lithium-ion storage properties of different graphene and graphene-containing materials were preliminarily explored, a second exponential stage, spanning from 2010 to 2014, where graphene and graphene-containing anode materials were broadly developed and investigated, and fi nally, a third phase, (i.e., starting from 2015), where the research seems to have approached a plateau. After Used as a bare active material or component in hybrids, graphene has been the subject of numerous studies in recent years. Indeed, from the fi rst report that appeared in late July 2008, almost 1600 papers were published as of the end 2015 that investigated the properties of graphene as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Although an impressive amount of data has been collected, a real advance in the fi eld still seems to be missing. In this framework, atten...

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Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

et al. 2016

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“…Such porous nanocomposite can possess excellent cycle performance as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to the large amount of void spaces which could buffer large volume changes of SnO 2 nanoparticles during lithium ions insertion/extraction process [7,8,12,16,18,30,38]. Moreover, the graphene sheets distributed between the SnO 2 nanoparticles can prevent the aggregation of these nanoparticles to a certain extent [9,14,25,32,38], which can be of great benefit to cycle life. The nanoparticles deposited on graphene sheets can also prevent them from stacking into multilayers [31,33,34], matching well with the result that no obvious diffraction peak attributed to graphite in the XRD pattern of SnO 2 /graphene nanocomposite was observed.…”

Section: Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3c and d, SnO 2 nanoparticles are tightly attached to the graphene sheets and spatially separated by the graphene sheets in the SnO 2 /graphene nanocomposite, which are favorable for improving the cycling performance [9,31,33]. In addition, the nanosized SnO 2 particles and the elastic graphene sheets in the porous SnO 2 /graphene nanocomposite also help to accommodate the volume changes and prevent the pulverization of SnO 2 to a certain extent during discharge/charge cycles [13,[30][31][32][33][34], which would lead to excellent cycle capability. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Electrochemical Properties Of Sno 2 /Graphene Nanocomposite mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak at 0.03 V corresponds to alloying of Sn with Li and the reversible reaction between lithium and graphene sheets [17,31,32,38,39], as described in Eqs. (2) and (3) respectively: Meanwhile, in the anodic polarization process, two peaks were recorded at about 0.60 and 1.26 V. The peak at 0.60 V represents the de-alloying process of Li + ions [48] as described in Eq.…”

Section: Electrochemical Properties Of Sno 2 /Graphene Nanocomposite mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, graphene is an ideal carbon nanostructure which can be used to design high performance SnO 2 /carbon nanocomposite electrodes. So far, there have been a few reports about the preparation of SnO 2 /graphene nanocomposite [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] [38] developed the gas-liquid interfacial synthesis approach and prepared Fe 3 O 4 /graphene nanocomposite. The Fe 3 O 4 /graphene nanocomposite prepared by the gas-liquid interfacial synthesis approach exhibited a very high reversible capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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