A Smart Responsive Dual Aptamers‐Targeted Bubble‐Generating Nanosystem for Cancer Triplex Therapy and Ultrasound Imaging

Zhao, Feifei; Zhou, Jie; Su, Xiangjie; Wang, Yuhui; Yan, Xiaosa; Jia, Shaona; Du, Bin

doi:10.1002/smll.201603990

Cited by 84 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The preformed liposomes were mixed with gold salt to form a uniformly distributed Au shell on the liposomes′ surfaces, followed by sulfhydryl-aptamer coordination on the gold nanoparticle. These liposomes loaded with docetaxel and ammonium chloride, with dual ligand functionalization, significantly increased cellular uptake in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) cells and showed higher tumor suppression compared to single targeting by one aptamer [226].…”

Section: Sulfhydryl-aptamer Gold Coordinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamers Chemistry: Chemical Modifications and Conjugation Strategies

et al. 2019

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Soon after they were first described in 1990, aptamers were largely recognized as a new class of biological ligands that can rival antibodies in various analytical, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. Aptamers are short single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides capable of folding into complex 3D structures, enabling them to bind to a large variety of targets ranging from small ions to an entire organism. Their high binding specificity and affinity make them comparable to antibodies, but they are superior regarding a longer shelf life, simple production and chemical modification, in addition to low toxicity and immunogenicity. In the past three decades, aptamers have been used in a plethora of therapeutics and drug delivery systems that involve innovative delivery mechanisms and carrying various types of drug cargos. However, the successful translation of aptamer research from bench to bedside has been challenged by several limitations that slow down the realization of promising aptamer applications as therapeutics at the clinical level. The main limitations include the susceptibility to degradation by nucleases, fast renal clearance, low thermal stability, and the limited functional group diversity. The solution to overcome such limitations lies in the chemistry of aptamers. The current review will focus on the recent arts of aptamer chemistry that have been evolved to refine the pharmacological properties of aptamers. Moreover, this review will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of such chemical modifications and how they impact the pharmacological properties of aptamers. Finally, this review will summarize the conjugation strategies of aptamers to nanocarriers for developing targeted drug delivery systems. Molecules 2020, 25, 3 2 of 51 molecules [2]. Nowadays, the aptamer field covers various biomedical applications, including [3], therapeutic [4-6], aptasensors [7], biosensors [8,9], diagnostic [10,11], and imaging systems [12].Aptamers need to be stabilized for in vivo use against nuclease degradation, and their small size makes them susceptible to renal filtration. Aptamers' stabilization can be attained by chemically modifying them using different approaches. Moreover, introducing chemical modifications into nucleic acid libraries increases the interaction capabilities of aptamers and thereby their target spectrum [12]. Modified aptamers may show improved chemical diversity relative to aptamers composed entirely of natural DNA or RNA nucleotides and expand their applications in diagnostics, therapeutics, and nanotechnology [1].Chemical modifications of aptamer oligonucleotides are needed mainly to enhance their resistance to nuclease degradation and lowering their renal filtration. Additionally, chemical modifications, in some cases, may increase the aptamer-binding affinity [13]. Many approaches have been introduced to promote the stability of aptamers without altering their binding affinity and specificity against their targets. These approaches include chemical modification of the phosphate...

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Section: Sulfhydryl-aptamer Gold Coordinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamers Chemistry: Chemical Modifications and Conjugation Strategies

et al. 2019

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“…Upon interaction with serum and stroma in blood and tissue, some physiochemical properties of the nanocarriers will be altered and weakened, leading to invalidation of some biological effects. The “smart” nanosystems refer to a class of nanocarriers which can harness physiological cues for tumor cell targeting and desired release behaviors, such as activated cellular uptake or stimuli‐responsive drug release . The difference between the “smart” and “nonsmart” materials, as shown in Figure , is defined by its response to the biological barriers in vivo.…”

Section: Nanomaterials For Cancer Precision Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials for Cancer Precision Medicine

et al. 2018

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Medical science has recently advanced to the point where diagnosis and therapeutics can be carried out with high precision, even at the molecular level. A new field of "precision medicine" has consequently emerged with specific clinical implications and challenges that can be well-addressed by newly developed nanomaterials. Here, a nanoscience approach to precision medicine is provided, with a focus on cancer therapy, based on a new concept of "molecularly-defined cancers." "Next-generation sequencing" is introduced to identify the oncogene that is responsible for a class of cancers. This new approach is fundamentally different from all conventional cancer therapies that rely on diagnosis of the anatomic origins where the tumors are found. To treat cancers at molecular level, a recently developed "microRNA replacement therapy" is applied, utilizing nanocarriers, in order to regulate the driver oncogene, which is the core of cancer precision therapeutics. Furthermore, the outcome of the nanomediated oncogenic regulation has to be accurately assessed by the genetically characterized, patient-derived xenograft models. Cancer therapy in this fashion is a quintessential example of precision medicine, presenting many challenges to the materials communities with new issues in structural design, surface functionalization, gene/drug storage and delivery, cell targeting, and medical imaging.

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“…Both type of bubbles contain octafluoropropane gas, while Definity uses a phospholipid spherical shell and Optison an albumin based shell to enclose the gas. Experimentally, SPIONs, liposomes, AuNPs, and nanodroplets have also been evaluated as contrast agents and drug carriers during NP-based US applications [353,354,355,356,357,358]. All types of microbubbles can serve as platforms for not only imaging, but also for the distribution of drugs for therapy by encapsulating the drug into the bubbles [359,360].…”

Section: Multimodal Imaging Options For Prostate and Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors concluded that the gene-transfection efficiency was better than that of a liposomes-based comparable system, and that their microbubble system could be used as a gene-loading and ultrasound-imaging technique of tumors. For BC, Zhao et al recently investigated a near-infrared (808 nm) photothermal responsive dual aptamers-targeted docetaxel-containing NPs for both cancer therapy and USI [353]. The dual-ligand functionalization increased uptake in MCF-7 cells and made USI possible at tumor site.…”

Section: Multimodal Imaging Options For Prostate and Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a large number of studies, using different techniques, have been published with a NP and CTH-based approach for both PCa and BC, of which only a tiny fraction are listed here [105,253,315,353,422,423,424,425,426,427,428,429,430,431]. For example, Belz et al recently designed ultra-small silica NPs containing the radiosensitizing drug docetaxel for combined chemoradiation therapy, with potential benefit for patients with PCa [425].…”

Section: Multimodal Therapy Options For Prostate and Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoparticles as Theranostic Vehicles in Experimental and Clinical Applications—Focus on Prostate and Breast Cancer

Elgqvist

2017

IJMS

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Prostate and breast cancer are the second most and most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and women worldwide, respectively. The American Cancer Society estimates that during 2016 in the USA around 430,000 individuals were diagnosed with one of these two types of cancers, and approximately 15% of them will die from the disease. In Europe, the rate of incidences and deaths are similar to those in the USA. Several different more or less successful diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have been developed and evaluated in order to tackle this issue and thereby decrease the death rates. By using nanoparticles as vehicles carrying both diagnostic and therapeutic molecular entities, individualized targeted theranostic nanomedicine has emerged as a promising option to increase the sensitivity and the specificity during diagnosis, as well as the likelihood of survival or prolonged survival after therapy. This article presents and discusses important and promising different kinds of nanoparticles, as well as imaging and therapy options, suitable for theranostic applications. The presentation of different nanoparticles and theranostic applications is quite general, but there is a special focus on prostate cancer. Some references and aspects regarding breast cancer are however also presented and discussed. Finally, the prostate cancer case is presented in more detail regarding diagnosis, staging, recurrence, metastases, and treatment options available today, followed by possible ways to move forward applying theranostics for both prostate and breast cancer based on promising experiments performed until today.

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A Smart Responsive Dual Aptamers‐Targeted Bubble‐Generating Nanosystem for Cancer Triplex Therapy and Ultrasound Imaging

Cited by 84 publications

References 36 publications

Aptamers Chemistry: Chemical Modifications and Conjugation Strategies

Aptamers Chemistry: Chemical Modifications and Conjugation Strategies

Nanomaterials for Cancer Precision Medicine

Nanoparticles as Theranostic Vehicles in Experimental and Clinical Applications—Focus on Prostate and Breast Cancer

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