A single oral administration of conjugated linoleic acid enhanced energy metabolism in mice

Ohnuki, Koichiro; Haramizu, Satoshi; Oki, Kenji; Ishihara, Kengo; Fushiki, Tohru

doi:10.1007/s11745-001-0760-2

Cited by 72 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, rats fed mixed CLA isomers produced lower respiratory quotients, 85 indicating increased oxidation in the body. These results, together with other studies, 11,40,44 suggest that CLA increases fat oxidation.…”

Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Obesitysupporting

confidence: 86%

“…It was also reported that dietary CLA at a level as low as 0.25% effectively elevated energy expenditure and subsequently decreased white fat pad mass in male Std ddY mice. 44 A recent study in Balb-C mice showed higher energy expenditure, excretion and heat loss when animals were fed a diet containing 0.93% CLA. 23 West et al 12 compared the increase of energy expenditure with the reduction of fat deposition and found that the increased energy expenditure was sufficient to account for the decreased adipose deposition in CLA-treated mice.…”

Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Obesity Yw Wang And Pjh Jonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conjugated linoleic acid and obesity control: efficacy and mechanisms

2004

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Obesity is associated with high blood cholesterol and high risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, management of body weight and obesity are increasingly considered as an important approach to maintaining healthy cholesterol profiles and reducing cardiovascular risk. The present review addresses the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on fat deposition, body weight and composition, safety, as well as mechanisms involved in animals and humans. Animal studies have shown promising effects of CLA on body weight and fat deposition. The majority of the animal studies have been conducted using CLA mixtures that contained approximately equal amounts of trans-10, cis-12 (t10c12) and cis-9, trans-11 (c9t11) isomers. Results of a few studies in mice fed CLA mixtures with different ratios of c9t11 and t10c12 isomers have indicated that the t10c12 isomer CLA may be the active form of CLA affecting weight gain and fat deposition. Inductions of leptin reduction and insulin resistance are the adverse effects of CLA observed in only mice. In pigs, the effects of CLA on weight gain and fat deposition are inconsistent, and no adverse effects of CLA have been reported. A number of human studies suggest that CLA supplementation has no effect on body weight and insulin sensitivity. Although it is suggested that the t10c12 CLA is the antiadipogenic isomer of CLA in humans, the effects of CLA on fat deposition are marginal and more equivocal as compared to results observed in animal studies. Mechanisms through which CLA reduces body weight and fat deposition remain to be fully understood. Proposed antiobesity mechanisms of CLA include decreased energy/food intake and increased energy expenditure, decreased preadipocyte differentiation and proliferation, decreased lipogenesis, and increased lipolysis and fat oxidation. In summary, CLA reduces weight gain and fat deposition in rodents, while produces less significant and inconsistent effects on body weight and composition in pigs and humans. New studies are required to examine isomer-specific effects and mechanisms of CLA in animals and humans using purified individual CLA isomers.

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Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Obesitysupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Obesity Yw Wang And Pjh Jonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated linoleic acid and obesity control: efficacy and mechanisms

2004

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“…In mice, however, CLA was observed to increase energy expenditure. 4,9,12 Also here, the discrepancy between animal and human studies might be caused by differences in metabolic rate. 30 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…11 Furthermore, CLA intake has been associated with an increased energy expenditure. 4,9,12 Only a few human studies have been conducted to study the effect of CLA on body weight, body mass index (BMI) and/or fat mass. Even though fat mass 13,14 and sagital abdominal diameter 15 were lowered by CLA, it did not result in body weight loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on body weight regain, body composition, and resting metabolic rate in overweight subjects

et al. 2003

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OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of 13 weeks conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in overweight subjects after weight loss on weight regain, body composition, resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, and blood plasma parameters. DESIGN: This study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized design. Subjects were first submitted to a very-lowcalorie diet (VLCD 2.1 MJ/d) for 3 weeks after which they started with the 13-week intervention period. They either received 1.8 g CLA or placebo per day (low dosage, LD) or 3.6 g CLA or placebo per day (high dosage, HD). SUBJECTS: A total of 26 men and 28 women (age 37.877.7 y; body mass index (BMI) 27.871.5 kg/m 2 ). MEASUREMENTS: Before VLCD (t ¼ À3), after VLCD but before CLA or placebo intervention (t ¼ 0) and after 13-week CLA or placebo intervention (t ¼ 13), body weight, body composition (hydrodensitometry and deuterium dilution), resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, physical activity, and blood plasma parameters (glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, glycerol and b-hydroxy butyrate) were measured. RESULTS: The VLCD significantly lowered body weight (6.971.7%), %body fat, fat mass, fat-free mass, resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient and plasma glucose, insulin, and triacylglycerol concentrations, while free fatty acids, glycerol and b-hydroxy butyrate concentrations were increased. Multiple regression analysis showed that at the end of the 13-week intervention, CLA did not affect %body weight regain (CLA LD 47.9788.2%, CLA HD 27.4729.8%, Placebo LD 32.0742.8%, Placebo HD 22.5737.9%). The regain of fat-free mass was increased by CLA (LD 6.273.9, HD 4.672.4%) compared to placebo (LD 2.873.2%, HD 3.473.6%), independent of %body weight regain and physical activity. As a consequence of an increased regain of fat-free mass by CLA, resting metabolic rate was increased by CLA (LD 12.0711.4%, HD 13.7714.4%) compared to placebo (LD 9.1711.0%, HD 8.678.5%). Substrate oxidation and blood plasma parameters were not affected by CLA. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the regain of fat-free mass was favorably, dose-independently affected by a 13-week consumption of 1.8 or 3.6 g CLA/day and consequently increased the resting metabolic rate. However, it did not result in improved body weight maintenance after weight loss.

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“…Some investigators found reduced body weight after a CLA diet (West et al, 1998;DeLany et al, 1999;Park et al, 1999a), whereas others found no effect (Park et al, 1997, Park et al, 1999bWest et al, 2000;Miner et al, 2001;Sisk et al, 2001) or an increase in body weight (Miner et al, 2001). Furthermore, CLA supplementation is associated with an increased energy expenditure (West et al, 1998(West et al, , 2000Ohnuki et al, 2001). The results of studies on the effects of CLA on energy intakes are inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on appetite and food intake in overweight subjects

et al. 2003

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Objective: To study the effects of 13 weeks conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in overweight subjects on bodyweight maintenance, parameters of appetite and energy intake (EI) at breakfast after weight loss. Design: This study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized design. Subjects: A total of 26 men and 28 women (age 37.877.7 y; body mass index 27.871.5 kg/m 2 ). Interventions: Subjects were first submitted to a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD; 2.1 MJ/day) for 3 weeks after which they started with the 13-week intervention period. They either received 1.8 g CLA or placebo per day or 3.6 g CLA or placebo per day. Additionally, subjects of the high dosage intervention replaced their habitual lunch by one meal of a protein-rich, low-energy supplement. EI was measured at breakfast and appetite profile after an overnight fast. Results: The mean body weight loss was 6.971.7% of their original body weight. Multiple regression analysis showed that at the end of the 13-week intervention, CLA did not have an effect on body weight regain. Feelings of fullness and satiety were increased and feelings of hunger were decreased after 13 weeks intervention by CLA compared to placebo, independent of %body weight regain. However, EI measured at breakfast was not affected by CLA. Conclusion: Appetite (hunger, satiety and fullness) was favorably, dose-independently affected by a 13-week consumption of 1.8 or 3.6 g CLA/day. This did not result in a lower EI at breakfast or an improved body-weight maintenance after weight loss.

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A single oral administration of conjugated linoleic acid enhanced energy metabolism in mice

Cited by 72 publications

References 14 publications

Conjugated linoleic acid and obesity control: efficacy and mechanisms

Conjugated linoleic acid and obesity control: efficacy and mechanisms

The effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on body weight regain, body composition, and resting metabolic rate in overweight subjects

Effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on appetite and food intake in overweight subjects

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