A Secure and Portable Multi-Sensor Module for Distributed Air Pollution Monitoring

Abstract

Air quality in urban environments has become a central issue of our present society as it affects the health and lives of the population all over the world. The first step in mitigating negative effects is proper measurement of the pollution level. This work presents a portable air pollution measurement system, built from off-the-shelf devices, that is designed to assure user privacy and data authenticity. Data is collected from sensor modules that can be hand carried or installed on vehicles, possibly leading to a vehicular sensor network that may cover a larger area. The main challenge is to provide authenticity for the sensor data while also ensuring user privacy. The proposed system assures authenticity and non-repudiation for the collected data by using group signatures and a blockchain-like structure for secure storage. We use regular key-exchange protocols based on elliptic curve cryptography in order to securely bootstrap a session key, then we benefit from secure tunneling to export data from sensors to the remote server. Post-update tampering is prevented by the use of a blockchain-like structure on the data server. We carry experiments both to determine the computational requirements of the procedures, as well as to measure indicators of air quality on nearby areas.

Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Functionalization and Sensing Applications

“…As seen, fullerenes are closed hollow cages in which C-atoms are sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms. However, to generate the spherical cage, the structure cannot be generated using only hexagonal rings.…”

“…However, some short-range order can be observed in amorphous carbon (aC) phases. In aC both graphitic sp 2 and tetrahedral sp 3 hybrids coexist. The prevalence of one or the other of these hybrids imparts properties mirroring those of graphite or diamond.…”

“…Novel technological solutions are needed to face emerging global challenges such as environmental pollution, massive energy production, need of additional agricultural and food production. To increase the productivity while reducing the generation of pollutants, new advanced systems are needed to improve and automate operations which autonomously can monitor infrastructures, the environment, and the processes efficiencies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In this respect, the potentialities enabled by sensing technologies are considerable.…”

Exploiting Machine Learning to Detect Malicious Nodes in Intelligent Sensor-Based Systems Using Blockchain

“…However, the PoW consensus mechanism consumes high computational power. In [44,45], mobile sensors cover large areas of smart cities. However, sensor nodes are resource constrained, and their deployment and maintenance cost is very high.…”

Securing Genetic Algorithm Enabled SDN Routing for Blockchain Based Internet of Things

“…However, these mechanisms are prone to the single point of failure issue that is harmful to the network [13]. In [14], authors propose an authentication scheme using group signature method, which creates opportunities for the nodes to act maliciously. The reason is these nodes can hide behind the group ID.…”