A Scale for Predicting the Outcomes of Patients with Epilepsy: A Study of 141 Cases

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to identify the factors relevant for developing a scale to estimate the prognosis of patients with epilepsy. Methods This study followed 141 patients with newly or previously diagnosed epilepsy for between four and nine years. The patients were divided into three groups on the basis of their outcomes during the follow-up period: patients that were seizure-free without anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) (group A, n = 48), patients with pharmacoresponsive epilepsy (group B, n = 52), and patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy (group C, n = 41). The predictors of the prognosis of epilepsy were determined using logistic regression models and optimum subsets regression, and a scale for estimating the prognosis of epilepsy (SEPE) was developed. Results The SEPE was able to distinguish between better and worse outcomes for the three groups. A score ≤3 on the SEPE predicted that a patient would become seizure-free without the use of AEDs, with a specificity of 67% and a sensitivity of 50%. A score ≤4 on the SEPE predicted that a patient may have a positive outcome; scores in this range were assigned to 97.9% of patients that were seizure-free without the use of AEDs and 65% of patients with pharmacoresponsive epilepsy, with a specificity of 80%, a sensitivity of 81%. Scores ≥6 on the SEPE predicted a poor outcome. Conclusion Of the patients with a SEPE score ≤3, some were able to become seizure-free without the use of AEDs, while for other patients, it may be possible that AED use can be discontinued. Patients with a SEPE score ≤4 have the potential to achieve long-term remission. Patients with a SEPE score ≥6 are more likely to have pharmacoresistant epilepsy.

Development of a Risk Predictive Scoring System for Epilepsy in Infants with Paroxysmal Motor Events: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

“…Several studies have investigated risk factors for epilepsy in infants, such as that by Heggstad and Hafstrom [12]. According to In other studies [15,16], some authors have reported a scoring system of epilepsy to predict the neurological outcomes or prognosis of epilepsy, but there is no scoring system for epilepsy diagnosis. In this study, eight patients were diagnosed with infantile spasms, which could be a possible confounding factor of the scoring system.…”