A sandwich enzyme immunoassay for bovine interferon‐γ and its use for the detection of tuberculosis in cattle

Rothel, J.S.; Jones, Stephen L.; Corner, L. A.; Cox, John C.; Wood, P.R.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07730.x

Cited by 282 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Stimulation of whole blood was performed within 8 h of collection, and 2 or 3 days were required to test the whole herd. The IFN-γ test was carried out as described [18,29]. In the first trial, a fourth well with 2 µg/mL of poke-weed mitogen (Sigma Aldrich Gmbh, Steinheim, Germany) was included as the positive control.…”

Section: Ifn-γ Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of diagnostic tools for eradication of bovine tuberculosis in cattle co-infected withMycobacterium bovisandM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis

et al. 2006

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-The intradermal tuberculin (IDTB) test and the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) assay are used worldwide for detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle, but little is known about the effect of co-infecting agents on the performance of these diagnostic tests. This report describes a field trial conducted in a cattle herd with dual infection (bovine tuberculosis and paratuberculosis) during 3.5 years. It has been based on a strategic approach encompassing serial parallel testing (comparative IDTB test, the IFN-γ assay and serology of paratuberculosis) that was repeated 8 times over the period, and segregation of animals into two herds. The IDTB test detected 65.2% and the IFN-γ test detected 69.6% of the Mycobacterium bovis culture-positive cattle. However, the IDTB test performed better during the first part of the trial, while the IFN-γ test was the only method that detected infected animals during the following three samplings. The number of false positive reactors with the IDTB and/or the IFN-γ tests was remarkably high compared to other reports, and could be caused by cross-reactivity with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Also, the M. bovis isolates from cattle and wildlife from the same property were characterised using molecular techniques to disclose an epidemiological link. The IDTB test may not be appropriate to eradicate bovine tuberculosis in herds with dual mycobacterial infections. This report highlights the need to use several diagnostic techniques for the accurate detection of M. bovis infected animals in these herds. tuberculosis / paratuberculosis / IDTB / IFN-γ / eradication

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Section: Ifn-γ Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This test is an in vitro immunoassay based on the specific release of IFN-γ as the indicator of a response to the M. bovis antigen (bovine purified protein derivative, bovine PPD). IFN-γ can be detected using an enzyme immunoassay [29] which is commercially available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of diagnostic tools for eradication of bovine tuberculosis in cattle co-infected withMycobacterium bovisandM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis

et al. 2006

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“…To demonstrate that the immunoassay was specific for ovine y-lFN, supernates were submitted to treatment at pH 2-0 for 5 min, or at 56°C for 30 min to distinguish ovine y-IFN from a-and P-IFN (20). However, both treatments were found to reduce the titres of native and recombinant bovine a-, p-and y-IFN in bioassays (19) and native IFN in ovine samples, thus precluding positive proof that only ovine -y-IFN was present in culture and lymph supernates. However, since the sandwich immunoassay detected only biologically active bovine "/-IFN and ovine IFN in culture supcrnates from T cell clones, the active principle was considered to be 7-IFN.…”

Section: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) For Specific Antibodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of antigens and adjuvants on the production of gamma‐interferon and antibody by ovine lymphocytes

Emery

Rothel

Wood

1990

Immunology & Cell Biology

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SummaryThe production of gamma-interferon (y-IFN) and antigen-speeific immunoglobulin isotypes was monitored in sheep given primarj' and seeondary inocula of protein and polysaccharide antigens with or without adjuvants. In efferent lymph from prefemoral nodes draining the site of inoculation, y-IFN levels increased within 24 h after injection of adjuvants Quill A. dextran sultate (DXS) and 6 days after oil adjuvants in saline. The increased synthesis of y-lFN was prolonged by 1-2 days by the presence of adjuvanted antigen, but the major stimulus to y-IFN production was provided by the adjuvant. Alhydrogel (AH) did not initiate y-IFN synthesis. Following a second inocula of antigen in saline, increased levels of y-lFN were detected in efferent lymph after 3-4 h, and persisted for at least 2 days. Following cultivation ofleucocytes from immunized sheep with specific antigen in vitro, strong positive correlations between levels of interleukin (IL) IL-2, y-lFN, proliferative responses and antibody titres were observed. However, after analysisof the antigen-specitic isotypesof immunoglobulin (Ig) there was no correlation between the production of-y-lFN and particular Ig isotypes. Together with findings that AH did not preferentially induce IgGl or IgG2. these results suggest that the specific subpopulations of helper T lymphocytes which regulate the production of antibody isotypes by differential secretion of y-lFN or IL-4, are not as clearly defined in sheep as in mice.

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“…a The ␥-IFN assay is conducted by stimulation of blood with bovine PPD and avian PPD followed by detection of ␥-IFN in the plasma using an enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA). 11,15 Preferential production of ␥-IFN in response to stimulation with bovine PPD is considered a positive test result.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Purified Protein Derivatives and Effect of Skin Testing on Results of a Commercial Gamma Interferon Assay for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Cattle

Whipple

Palmer

Slaughter³

et al. 2001

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. Purified protein derivatives (PPD) prepared in the USA were compared with those prepared in Australia by a private company (CSL Veterinary) for use with a commercial gamma interferon (␥-IFN) assay for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The effect of skin testing on results of the ␥-IFN assay was determined, and results were compared when blood samples were stimulated with PPD within 2 hours and after 24 hours of sample collection. Twenty cattle that were sensitized by subcutaneous injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium bovis were randomly divided into 3 groups. Cattle in group A were tested with the caudal fold skin test (CFT) on day 0 and the comparative cervical skin test (CCT) on day 7. Cattle in group B were tested with the CFT on day 0 and the CCT on day 63, and group C cattle were not skin tested. Blood samples for the ␥-IFN assay were collected at various times throughout the study period. Optical density (OD) values for the ␥-IFN assay were not significantly different when blood samples were stimulated with US avian PPD and CSL avian PPD. However, OD values were significantly higher for US bovine PPD than for CSL bovine PPD. However, the final interpretation of the ␥-IFN assay was usually the same when using either US or CSL PPD. In addition, OD values for the ␥-IFN assay were significantly higher for blood samples collected after sensitized cattle were skin tested than for samples collected from the same cattle before skin testing or from cattle not skin tested.The OD values for blood samples stimulated within 2 hours of sample collection were significantly higher than for samples stimulated 24 hours after sample collection. However, OD values for all PPD-stimulated samples from sensitized cattle were significantly higher in samples collected 3 days after skin testing and stimulated 24 hours after collection than for samples from the same animals collected before skin testing and stimulated within 2 hours of sample collection. Results of this study indicate that PPD prepared in the USA or Australia can be used to stimulate blood samples for the ␥-IFN assay. Skin testing cattle prior to collection of blood for the ␥-IFN assay boosts production of ␥-IFN by lymphocytes from cattle that have had prior exposure to M. bovis antigens. Use of the ␥-IFN assay in conjunction with skin testing may improve detection of cattle infected with M. bovis. In addition, the increase in production of ␥-IFN after skin testing will permit greater flexibility in conducting the assay because samples can be stimulated after they have been shipped overnight rather than only on the day of sample collection.Programs for eradication of bovine tuberculosis from the USA were initiated in 1917 when the prevalence of disease was about 5%. 2 Throughout the history of the eradication program, tuberculin skin tests have been the only tests officially approved for diagnosis of tuberculosis in live cattle. The caudal fold skin test (CFT) is the primary test used. Purified protein derivatives (PPD) produced from Mycobacterium bovis (...

show abstract

A sandwich enzyme immunoassay for bovine interferon‐γ and its use for the detection of tuberculosis in cattle

Cited by 282 publications

References 33 publications

Assessment of diagnostic tools for eradication of bovine tuberculosis in cattle co-infected withMycobacterium bovisandM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis

Assessment of diagnostic tools for eradication of bovine tuberculosis in cattle co-infected withMycobacterium bovisandM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis

Influence of antigens and adjuvants on the production of gamma‐interferon and antibody by ovine lymphocytes

Comparison of Purified Protein Derivatives and Effect of Skin Testing on Results of a Commercial Gamma Interferon Assay for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Cattle

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