“…Lane models, such as straight lines (Kim, 2008;Pomerleau, 1995;Rasmussen and Korah, 2005), parabolic curves (Huang et al, 2009;McCall and Trivedi, 2006), semi-parametric formulations such as splines (Kim, 2008), or active contours (Sawano and Okada, 2006) are found in the literature. Different model-fitting methods have been adopted including RANSAC (Sawano and Okada, 2006), particle swarms (Zhou et al, 2005), energy-based optimization (Sawano and Okada, 2006), genetic algorithms (Samadzadegan et al, 2006), and more.…”