A Risk-based UAS Traffic Network Model for Adaptive Urban Airspace Management

Abstract

This paper presents a risk-based model for UAV path planning in urban low altitude environments. Firstly, the risks in urban environments were identified and classified into four groups, and the corresponding risk costs were categorized into five different levels. A general risk cost model was then developed for qualifying all related risk costs. Secondly, a ConOps for urban air route network with plane and cubical diagonals was built and the obtained risk cost information were ingested into the network to assist path planning. Finally, an A*cost algorithm was developed to generate a safe and cost-effective path for UAVs in urban low altitude airspace. Simulation results show that the novel route network structure with diagonals has better performance, with an average reduction of 17.56% for path distance. While the proposed A*cost algorithm has good results in terms of total cost and computational time, outperforming traditional Dijkstra and Ant Colony algorithm.

Preliminary Study of Transport Pattern and Demand in Singapore for Future Urban Air Mobility

“…Having demonstrated that there is a potential demand for flying taxis in Singapore, particularly in tourist areas, and how users can benefit from it, there is an urgent need to create the infrastructure and systems necessary for the use of UAM safely in Singapore. Future research can concentrate more on airworthiness, risk analysis [18], airspace management [19] in the short-term, Detect and Avoid (DAA), ground infrastructure, community acceptance in the mid-term and cybersecurity in the long-term. As the present study focuses mainly on fares and times spent for the trips, other factors should be considered, like the phases of the flying path, suitable sites of take-off and landing, technology and safety requirements for the whole operation including pre-, post-, and cruising of the drone's flying.…”

Framework of Level-of-Autonomy-based Concept of Operations: UAS Capabilities

“…What is more, the third-party risk [41] (i.e. ground people, manned aircraft) can also be mitigated because the high LoA is assumed to have abilities to avoid high risk areas by conducting risk-based path planning [42], [43], and by performing conflict resolutions with manned and other unmanned aircraft with advanced DAA capabilities [44]. UAS with higher LoA would also help improve the efficiency of the UTM network.…”

Initial Architecture Design and Development for Real-time Risk-based Unmanned Aerial System Traffic Management

“…In [Figure 9Figure 6], the first drone was malfunction when it is flying to target location. And then, the first drone pilot reported to the UTM system as 10 meters diameter risk zone [21]. The UTM system received and confirm the temporary risk zone of drone #1 and sent the temporary risk zone info to drone #2 and #3 and to hold their position.…”