A rheumatoid arthritis b cell subset expresses a phenotype similar to that in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Plater-Zyberk, C; Maini, R. N.; Lam, Kwok-Tai; Kennedy, Tom D.; Jánossy, G.

doi:10.1002/art.1780280903

Cited by 218 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…CD5 + B cells, a special subtype of B cells, showed faint discontinuous HRP deposits and various depositions of gold particles on the cell surface. This finding agrees with the immunofluorescence findings described above 9 . In addition, three types of CD5 + B cells were identified based on the cellular morphology (organelles, chromatin patterns, microvilli, the N/C ratio, and the NCI) 20 and the labeling patterns of HRP deposits and/or gold particles 13,15 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Immunofluorescence analysis has shown that CD5 + B cells are morphologically similar to conventional B lymphocytes 6,9 , whereas the fluorescence intensity of CD5 + B cells labeled with anti-CD5 antibody is weaker than that observed for labeled T cells, suggesting a lower epitope density in the B cell subpopulation. Although conventional MayGrünwald-Giemsa staining has shown that these cells have basophilic cytoplasm with indented nuclei, and rarely have nucleoli 6 , no immunoelectron microscopic studies of CD5 + B cells have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…CD5 + B cells, which have been identified in cord blood [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] , have a unique developmental course during which they don't migrate into germinal centers 1 . The detailed morphological characteristics of these cells, however, have not yet been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunoelectron Microscopic Examination of Cord Blood CD5+ B cells

Asano

Wakasa

2006

J Clin Exp Hematopathol

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In this study, we have categorized cord blood CD5 + B cells, which were examined using the horseradish peroxidasecolloidal gold double labeling immunoelectron microscopy, into three subtypes based on their morphology and immunohistochemical characteristics. Type 1a cells and type 1b cells (9% and 17% of the CD5 + B cells, respectively) had few cytoplasmic organelles, a high nuclear/cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio (0.66 ± 0.03 and 0.58 ± 0.04, respectively), and a low nuclear contour index (NCI) value (1.56 ± 0.30 and 1.50 ± 0.27, respectively), whereas type 2 cells (74% of the CD5 + B cells) had a low N/C ratio (0. 44 ± 0. 11) and a high NCI value (2. 05 ± 0. 68) . Type 2 cells, which had many cytoplasmic organelles, frequently had several uropod-like processes that bound to the gold particles. The N/C ratios clearly showed that there were significant differences among the three types of CD5 + B cells (p < 0.01), and between CD5 + T cells and the three types of CD5 + B cells (p < 0.05). For the NCI values, only type 1b and type 2 cells showed a significant difference (p < 0. 05). These findings suggest that type 1a cells are transformed into type 1b cells, and then into type 2 cells. 〔J Clin Exp Hematopathol 46(2) : 83-88, 2006〕

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Immunoelectron Microscopic Examination of Cord Blood CD5+ B cells

Asano

Wakasa

2006

J Clin Exp Hematopathol

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“…These cells are characterized by the production of low-affinity immunoglobulin M (IgM) with RF activity, arise early in ontogeny and are considered to represent the bridge linking the innate and acquired immune responses [24]. The production of circulating autoantibodies coupled with their increased frequency in rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome has implicated them in the development of autoimmune diseases [25,26]. In addition, CD5 + B cells are also increased in Epstein-Barr virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections associated with autoimmune manifestations as well as in patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral B-cell CD5 expansion and CD81 overexpression and their association with disease severity and autoimmune markers in chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Zuckerman¹,

Slobodin²,

Kessel

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with immune-mediated abnormalities and B-cell lymphoproliferation evolving to an overt lymphoma. Recently, CD81 was identified as an HCV receptor on B-lymphocytes, providing a mechanism by which B cells are infected and activated by the virus. In addition, expansion of CD5 + B lymphocytes was described to be associated with various non-HCV related autoimmune disorders. Therefore, we studied the possible role of peripheral B cells CD81 and CD5 over-expression in the development of HCV-related autoimmunity and their association with disease severity in chronic HCV infection. Peripheral B cells CD5 expression and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD81 were determined in 30 HCV-infected patients, 30 healthy controls and 15 patients with hepatitis B virus infection using fluorescence-activated cell scan (FACS). We have also investigated the association between peripheral CD5 and CD81 B-cell over-expression and markers of autoimmunity and disease severity in patients chronically infected by HCV. CD5 + B-cells were increased in chronic HCV infection (23·2 ± 7·2%) compared with those of healthy controls (15 ± 5·5%) (P < 0·0001) and chronic HBV infection (19 ± 3·7%) (P = 0·08). CD81 MFI was significantly higher in HCVinfected compared to HBV-infected patients and healthy controls. Both increased CD81 MFI and CD5 + B-cell expansion were associated with the production of rheumatoid factor and mixed cryoglobulins and positively correlated with HCV viral load and histological activity index. The overexpression of CD81 and the expansion of CD5 + peripheral B-cells in HCV-infected patients may possibly play a role in the development of HCV-associated autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation.

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“…Many of the antibodies have several specificities and some are autoreactive (12)(13)(14). CD5+ B cells are elevated in several autoimmune disorders as well as genetically autoimmune mice (13,(15)(16)(17)(18). They have also been implicated in formation of a primordial idiotype-anti-idiotype network (12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequestration of anti-platelet GPIIIa antibody in rheumatoid factor immune complexes of human immunodeficiency virus 1 thrombocytopenic patients.

Karpatkin

Nardi

Hymes

1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Human immunodeficiency virus 1-related idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (HIV-1-ITP) patients have a 4-fold increased percentage of CD5+ B cells and a 4.8-fold increased percentage of serum immune complexes precipitated by polyethylene glycol (PEG-ICs) compared to control subjects, as reported previously. Since CD5+ B cells produce predominantly IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) vs. Fc of IgG and PEG-ICs contain high levels of IgM, we looked for the presence of RF in the immune complexes of HIV-1-ITP patients. PEG-ICs were adsorbed to protein A and dissociated with acid, and IgM and IgG were purified by gel filtration and affinity chromatography. Solid-phase ELISA was used to measure antibody specificity vs. platelets, Fc, and HIV-1 gp120, p24, and CD4. Dissociated IgG antibody reacted with platelets, HIV-1 gp120, p24, and CD4, but not with Fc. Serum IgG did not react with platelets or Fc but did react with HIV-1 gp120, p24, and CD4. Both PEG-IC IgM and serum IgM reacted with Fc as well as the other four antigens. Control IgM and IgG were unreactive. Isolated IgM from PEG-ICs relocated approximately 50% of the IgG preincubated with IgM to the Vo region of a G200 gel-filtration column. Anti-platelet IgG but not IgM could be affinity-purified from fixed platelets. Both F(ab')2 fragments of anti-platelet IgG and the total PEG-IC bound to platelets in a saturation-dependent manner. F(ab')2 of anti-platelet IgG inhibited 50% binding of PEG-IC to platelets at an F(ab')2/complex ratio of 3:1 (wt/wt). Scatchard analysis revealed two classes of binding sites: high-affinity Kd values of 0.8-1.8 nM and lower-affinity Kd values of 6.6-12.3 nM with respective numbers of binding sites of 44,000-57,000 and 122,000-256,000 (n = 4). Anti-platelet IgG of 6/6 patients precipitated GPIIIa from platelet lysates of surface 125I-labeled platelets. Platelet count correlated inversely with anti-platelet IgG (r = -0.73; P < 0.01; n = 27). Thus, PEG-ICs of HIV-1-ITP patients contain IgM RF, which sequesters serum anti-platelet IgG containing anti-GPIIIa. Anti-platelet IgG contributes to binding of immune complexes to platelets and correlates with thrombocytopenia.

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A rheumatoid arthritis b cell subset expresses a phenotype similar to that in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Cited by 218 publications

References 26 publications

Immunoelectron Microscopic Examination of Cord Blood CD5+ B cells

Immunoelectron Microscopic Examination of Cord Blood CD5+ B cells

Peripheral B-cell CD5 expansion and CD81 overexpression and their association with disease severity and autoimmune markers in chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Sequestration of anti-platelet GPIIIa antibody in rheumatoid factor immune complexes of human immunodeficiency virus 1 thrombocytopenic patients.

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