A Review The Microbiology of Acne

Holland, K. T.; Ingham, Eileen; Cunliffe, W.J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1981.tb01234.x

Cited by 64 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 111 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast to previous culture-based studies (6,15,23), our molecular analysis revealed differences in the microbiota of follicles from healthy and acne-affected subjects. The main difference was the presence of S. epidermidis in acne-affected follicles (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…No other exposed microenvironment of the human body is known to selectively allow colonization by a single bacterial species. It is conceivable that the more heterogeneous microbiota found in previous culture-based studies of healthy follicles (15,23,33) was the result of differences in sampling methods. The cyanoacrylate method employed in the present study has the advantage, in addition to being noninvasive, that the upper part of the stratum corneum is captured in the applied cyanoacrylate, which minimizes the possibility of contamination with skin surface microorganisms when follicles are isolated by dissection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Previous studies excluded staphylococci as agents that play a role in the pathogenesis of acne on the basis of their rapid development of resistance to therapeutic antibiotics (15). It is possible that staphylococci are secondary colonizers, as inflamed and dilated follicles seem to be more conducive to colonization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acne is Not Associated with Yet-Uncultured Bacteria

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current clinical and microbiological information on acne fails to demonstrate a clear association between particular species, including Propionibacterium acnes, and disease, and the disease continues to be a considerable problem. To test if acne is associated with hitherto uncultured bacteria residing in diseased skin follicles, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of approximately 5,700 amplified and cloned 16S rRNA genes were used to determine the microbial diversity in follicles from acne patients and healthy individuals and from the superficial skin of acne patients. Follicles from healthy skin were exclusively colonized by P. acnes, whereas the follicular microbiota of acne patients included, in addition, Staphylococcus epidermidis and minor proportions of other species. In comparison, samples from superficial skin showed a complex microbiota represented by 12 to 16 bacterial species. The findings of the study exclude the possibility that acne is associated with yet-uncultured bacteria and shows that healthy skin follicles constitute a remarkably exclusive habitat allowing colonization only by P. acnes.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acne is Not Associated with Yet-Uncultured Bacteria

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Propionibacterium acnes is a major inhabitant of adult human skin and high population densities are associated with skin sites possessing high numbers of sebum-exorganism is considered to be one of the factors involved in the development of acne (Holland, 1989). The bacterium has also been implicated in other diseases, all thought to be initiated from the organisms' colonization of skin (Eady & Ingham, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionibacterium acnes, a resident of lipid-rich human skin, produces a 33 kDa extracellular lipase encoded by gehA

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Five independent clones of the Propionibacterium acnes P-37 lipase gene (gehA) were obtained in ischerichia coli, and the gene was localized to a 2.75 kb Xhol fragment by subcloning. The five clones were shown to contain the same gene by Southern blotting with a DIG-labelled probe to gehA. The nucleotide sequence of gehA was determined, and shown to contain a single ORF of 1017 kb, encoding a protein of 339 amino acids. The predicted molecular mass was 36 kDa. A 33 kDa (PAGE) radiolabelled polypeptide was detected from E. coli minicell preparations harbouring gehA, which could correspond to GehA after cleavage of the putative 26 amino acid residue signal peptide. gehA was overexpressed in E. coli under the control of the bacteriophage 17 promoter, and the corresponding polypeptide was found to be present in insoluble aggregates. Active lipase was produced when the overexpressing strain was incubated at a reduced temperature in the presence of sucrose. Purification of lipase from P. acnes culture supernatant fluids confirmed the production of a 33 kDa (PAGE) lipase.

show abstract

“…Propionibacterium acnes is a universal inhabitant of human skin and is found at high population densities on the fat-rich areas of the face, scalp, and upper trunk (16,23). P. acnes has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory acne, as treatments that reduce the numbers of P. acnes cells on the skin are therapeutic and the failure of such therapies has been associated with the emergence of resistance in P. acnes (7,9,30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Sequence and Analysis of aPropionibacterium acnesBacteriophage

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cutaneous propionibacteria are important commensals of human skin and are implicated in a wide range of opportunistic infections. Propionibacterium acnes is also associated with inflammatory acne vulgaris. Bacteriophage PA6 is the first phage of P. acnes to be sequenced and demonstrates a high degree of similarity to many mycobacteriophages both morphologically and genetically. PA6 possesses an icosahedreal head and long noncontractile tail characteristic of the Siphoviridae. The overall genome organization of PA6 resembled that of the temperate mycobacteriophages, although the genome was much smaller, 29,739 bp (48 predicted genes), compared to, for example, 50,550 bp (86 predicted genes) for the Bxb1 genome. PA6 infected only P. acnes and produced clear plaques with turbid centers, but it lacked any obvious genes for lysogeny. The host range of PA6 was restricted to P. acnes, but the phage was able to infect and lyse all P. acnes isolates tested. Sequencing of the PA6 genome makes an important contribution to the study of phage evolution and propionibacterial genetics.

show abstract

A Review The Microbiology of Acne

Cited by 64 publications

References 111 publications

Acne is Not Associated with Yet-Uncultured Bacteria

Acne is Not Associated with Yet-Uncultured Bacteria

Propionibacterium acnes, a resident of lipid-rich human skin, produces a 33 kDa extracellular lipase encoded by gehA

Genome Sequence and Analysis of aPropionibacterium acnesBacteriophage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About