A review of visual impairment

Naipal, Shivani; Rampersad, Nishanee

doi:10.4102/aveh.v77i1.393

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Furthermore, blurred vision and difficulty reading were the main contributors to vision loss in our study. This could be attributable to refractive errors and presbyopia, which could be easily corrected with prescription glasses [ 1 – 3 , 41 , 42 , 71 , 73 , 74 ]. However, barriers such as the cost of transport and high prices of eye care services, as well as prescription spectacles, deter the people in poverty from patronizing the services of eye care professionals [ 75 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of vision loss in the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1)

et al. 2021

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Background Vision loss is a major public health concern that significantly affects developing countries, including South Africa. Although existing literature have reported on the prevalence, causes, and impact of vision loss on the quality of life of affected individuals (children and adults) in parts of South Africa, there is no evidence of the prevalence and associated factors of vision loss in the general population. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of vision loss and its associated factors in South Africa using a population-based survey. Methods Secondary analyses were conducted using data from the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1), a population-based national health survey conducted from 2011 to 2012. Vision loss was defined as presenting visual acuity (PVA) worse than Snellen 6/12 in the better eye. Visual acuity was assessed by clinicians and participants’ subjective response to vision-related questions. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association of the independent variables with vision loss. Results The analytic sample comprised 4346 individuals with a mean age of 39.1 years. Female sex accounted for 55.6% of the participants. The prevalence of vision loss among participants was 9.2% (95% CI: 7.7–10.9). Older age (45–54 years, OR = 2.99, p < 0.001; 55–64 years, OR = 5.78, p < 0.001 and ≥ 65 years, OR = 5.12, p < 0.001), female sex (OR = 1.50, p = 0.016), and previous diabetes diagnosis (OR = 2.28, p = 0.001) were significantly associated with increased odds of vision loss. Further, secondary school education (OR = 0.71, p = 0.031), white ethnicity (OR = 0.11, p = 0.007), residing in Mpumalanga province (OR = 0.12, p < 0.001) and having never had an eye examination (OR = 0.56, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with reduced odds of vision loss. Conclusion Almost one in ten participants had vision loss. Adopting strategies targeted at reducing barriers to the utilization of eye care services will promote early detection and management of blinding conditions, and thereby, decrease the burden of vision loss in South Africa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of vision loss in the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1)

et al. 2021

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“…Major causes of visual impairment are uncorrected refractive errors and cataract, while the main cause of blindness is cataract (45.5%) followed by glaucoma [3,4]. Ninety percent of visually impaired people live in low and middle-income countries [5]. The greatest gap between need and available eye services has been identified in sub-Saharan Africa [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although they do not necessarily lead to blindness, these morbidities cause distress and result in demand for health services. Ocular morbidities may also result in a decreased ability to perform activities of daily life, and should be investigated accordingly [5,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Morbidity—A Critical Analysis to Improve Outpatient Services in an Eye Department in a Sub-Saharan Megacity

Mukwanseke¹,

Kilangalanga²,

Lutete³

et al. 2021

JCM

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The aim of this study was to analyse outpatient services in an ophthalmic clinic of a church-run hospital providing secondary level care in an African megacity, paying special attention to the poorest users of the services. The range of examination was reviewed from 500 patient records of all ages consecutively chosen on random days attending the outpatient department for the first time in order to optimize workflow and to analyse the offered treatment modalities. Mean age was 41.9 ± 21.9 years, and 53.6% of the patients were female. Of the patients, 74.8% presented with visual impairment. The most frequent findings were refractive errors (35.8%), presbyopia (21.2%), allergic conjunctivitis (14.0%), cataract (13.2%) and glaucoma (6.4%). Patient management consisted of optical treatment (49.6%), surgery (11.4%) and medical treatment (39.0%). These results show the importance of the demand in refractive services and the need to train specific service providers. Knowing the frequencies of common conditions enables more appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies, e.g., the importance of refractive errors, and should lead to improvements in training, staffing, therapeutics and patient outcomes. This approach can be applied to many other outpatient services and should be evaluated in light of the city’s impoverished health outreach and educational situation.

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“…Meanwhile, businesses did not consider visually impaired persons as a lucrative market. West S.K (Naipal & Rampersad, 2018) affirms that visual impairment has severe consequences, especially in developing countries. Its debilitating effects decrease individuals' ability to function independently and may negatively impact daily living and quality of life.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an alternative media for visually impaired audiences: ‘Bioskop Harewos’ Bandung

Karolina¹,

Maryani²,

Sjuchro³

2021

Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies

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Bioskop Harewos is a cinema in the Bandung, West Java, intended for visually impaired audiences. This research focused on efforts to uncover the existence of Bioskop Harewos for the visually impaired and the model of watching films of visually impaired audiences in Bioskop Harewos. The research method was a qualitative case study using several theories and concepts for alternative media. This research collected various data from cinematographers, cinema managers, and Bioskop Harewos team and audiences through interviews. The results showed that Bioskop Harewos is an alternative media for visually impaired audiences in Bandung to watch films in cinemas. Even with the ‘Harewos’ system, the Bioskop Harewos had fulfilled the visually impaired audiences’ demands to watch films in the cinema. The technical limitations of Bioskop Harewos did not reduce the value of entertainment for visually impaired audiences.

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A review of visual impairment

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence and associated factors of vision loss in the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1)

Prevalence and associated factors of vision loss in the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1)

Ocular Morbidity—A Critical Analysis to Improve Outpatient Services in an Eye Department in a Sub-Saharan Megacity

Developing an alternative media for visually impaired audiences: ‘Bioskop Harewos’ Bandung

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