A review of using green chemistry methods for biomaterials in tissue engineering

Abstract

Although environmentally safe, or green, technologies have revolutionized other fields (such as consumables, automobiles, etc.), its use in biomaterials is still at its infancy. However, in the few cases in which safe manufacturing technology and materials have been implemented to prevent postpollution and reduce the consumption of synthesized scaffold (such as bone, cartilage, blood cell, nerve, skin, and muscle) has had a significant impact on different applications of tissue engineering. In the present research, we report the use of biological materials as templates for preparing different kinds of tissues and the application of safe green methods in tissue engineering technology. These include green methods for bone and tissue engineering-based biomaterials, which have received the greatest amount of citations in recent years. Thoughts on what is needed for this field to grow are also critically included. In this paper, the impending applications of safe, ecofriendly materials and green methods in tissue engineering have been detailed.

Fabrication of Scaffolds for Bone-Tissue Regeneration

“…In the future bioprinting technologies seem very promising for a very wide range of applications in regenerative and transplantation medicine, dental implant treatment, drug screening, and cancer research [ 133 ]. There is a trend in developing biomaterials for injectable applications to avoid, as much as possible, invasive surgery and to develop techniques to generate nanofibrous scaffolds [ 11 , 134 ]. There should be a continuing of oral structure extension (such as alveolar bone, soft tissues of the teeth, and dental implants), especially using less invasive technologies to promote and accelerate tissue repair and regeneration.…”

Proof of concept of plasmonic thermal destruction of surface cancers by gold nanoparticles obtained by green chemistry

“…Green nanomedicine is inspiring anew trend of treating serious diseases [1]like cancers in a global scale. This green nanomedicine is a novel concept mainly emerging in North and South Asia, and to a lesser extent in Indian Ocean [2] where medicinal plants arerequired as bioreactants in modern nanotechnology.…”

Chitosan films for regenerative medicine: fabrication methods and mechanical characterization of nanostructured chitosan films

“…As already stated, chitosan is one of the major candidates as a suitable material for regeneration applications (reviewed in Rodríguez-Vázquez et al 2015). Overall, chitosan, although an environmentally friendly promising biopolymer itself for regenerative medicine (Jahangirian et al 2018), could be further improved in its regeneration potential by the introduction of topographical cues for cells, in order to direct their migration/differentiation and speed up the healing process.…”

“…Consequently, new materials, suitable for tissue engineering, are the object of continuous scientific research (Chan and Mooney 2008). Recent trends have placed the focus on natural biomaterials that do not have a high footprint on the environment and, at the same time, are not expensive and easy to be molded (Jahangirian et al 2018). Biopolymers are a wide category of materials whose main sources are living organisms, not only plants and animals but also microorganisms (Rao et al 2014).…”