A review of the evolution and mechanisms of ballooning by spiders inhabiting arable farmland

Weyman, Gabriel S.; Sunderland, K. D.; Jepson, P. C.

doi:10.1080/08927014.2002.9522733

Cited by 81 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This stereotyped behaviour, termed 'tiptoe behaviour' (Weyman 1993;Weyman et al 2002), can be quantified under standardized laboratory conditions following procedures described in Legel & van Wingerden (1980) and Bonte et al (2003b). Prior to experimental testing, we kept the spiderlings without food for 1 week to stimulate aerial dispersal under laboratory conditions (Bonte & Maelfait 2001).…”

Section: Propensity For Aerial Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In anemochorous plants, habitat isolation selects against dispersal-related seed traits (Carlquist 1966;Cody & Overton 1996). These heterogeneous results suggest the existence of, and interaction between, multiple selective forces, whether or not combined with proximate determinants such as weather conditions, food shortage or crowding (reviewed in Weyman et al 2002). Apart from natural selection, condition-dependent maternal effects may cause variation in life history traits within spatially structured populations (Ims & Hjermann 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike winged arthropods, spiders (Araneae) and mites (Acaridae) often perform aerial dispersal in a predominantly uncontrolled mode (e.g. Weyman 1993;Weyman et al 2002), thereby entering suitable habitats largely by chance (Bell et al 2005). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographical variation in wolf spider dispersal behaviour is related to landscape structure

et al. 2006

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Theoretical studies suggest that mechanisms underlying habitat and population structure are important for shaping inter-and intraspecific variation in dispersal behaviour. Empirical evidence, especially in organisms living in spatially structured populations, however, is scarce. We investigated the relation between habitat configuration (patch size, connectivity) and dispersal by studying variation in tiptoe behaviour in the dune wolf spider, Pardosa monticola, under standardized laboratory conditions. Tiptoe behaviour prepares spiderlings for ballooning and can hence be considered as a precursor of aerial dispersal. The proportion of individuals that displayed tiptoe behaviour was highest in offspring from grasslands in a large dune landscape where habitat was continuously available, intermediate in offspring originating from a fragmented landscape, and lowest in offspring originating from a small and extremely isolated grassland patch. At the level of the fragmented landscape, variation was related to size and connectivity of four subpopulations. Both between and within landscapes, maternal condition had no effect on offspring dispersal. These results indicate that changes in habitat configuration from a large, connected landscape towards a small, fragmented one may lead to a decrease in dispersal rates, even at small spatial scales. Hence, behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal evolve towards less mobile phenotypes in small, isolated habitats, indicating high dispersal costs and low efficacy for gene flow in a spider species restricted to fragmented habitats.

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Section: Propensity For Aerial Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographical variation in wolf spider dispersal behaviour is related to landscape structure

et al. 2006

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“…For example, occasionally there is high incidence (nearly 60%) of parasitism of syrphid larvae (Smith and Chaney 2007) (Weyman, Sunderland, and Jepson 2002;Thomas, Brain, and Jepson 2003). Subsequent dispersal between fields may also occur during the growing season.…”

Section: Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower Flies (Syrphidae) and Other Biological Control Agents for Aphids in Vegetable Crops

Bugg¹,

Colfer²,

Chaney³

et al. 2008

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“…Spiders can be effective natural enemies of herbivore pests in crop systems as an ever-present and taxonomically diverse group of generalist predators (Riechert and Lockley, 1984;Nyffeler and Sunderland, 2003). Spiders are known to disperse aerially over long distances by ballooning on threads of silk (Greenstone et al, 1987;Weyman et al, 2002). Investigation on dispersal of natural enemies and pests distribution in oilseed rape fields from the field margin are in primary stage (Murchie et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Natural Enemies in Herbivores of Oilseed Rape Fields in Sweden

Halder¹

2013

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech.

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Natural enemies play an important role to control the pest population of a crop field by killing the pest directly or indirectly by parasitism. By knowing the dispersal ability of natural enemies could be effective biocontrol tool for controlling the harmful pest. Vegetated field margins have been suggested as a shelter of natural enemies. Natural enemies like ground beetle, rove beetle, parasitoid and spider dispersal ability from the field margin to inside the oilseed rape field was analyzed by doing this study. All insects were collected from the oilseed rape fields of Southern Sweden. This study showed that parasitoid abundance was higher near the field margin compare to the deep field. Distribution of ground beetle, rove beetle and spider was almost the same all over the field. Parasitoids could be effective to control the oilseed rape pest near the field margin as a biocontrol aspect whereas rove beetle, ground beetle and spider could be a used biocontrol tools for all over the field.

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A review of the evolution and mechanisms of ballooning by spiders inhabiting arable farmland

Cited by 81 publications

References 61 publications

Geographical variation in wolf spider dispersal behaviour is related to landscape structure

Geographical variation in wolf spider dispersal behaviour is related to landscape structure

Flower Flies (Syrphidae) and Other Biological Control Agents for Aphids in Vegetable Crops

Distribution of Natural Enemies in Herbivores of Oilseed Rape Fields in Sweden

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