A review of the biology, ecology, behavior and conservation status of the dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834)

Condini, Mário V.; García-Charton, José Antonio; Garcia, Alexandre

doi:10.1007/s11160-017-9502-1

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…Esa especie convive en esta zona con otras especies de "meros": Epinephelus costae (falso abadejo) y Mycteroperca rubra (Bloch, 1793) (cherna), habiéndose observado asimismo Epinephelus caninus (Valenciennes, 1843), siendo esta especie mucho más rara (García-Charton et al 2019). El mero se distribuye de forma discontinua en el Mediterráneo, costas atlánticas de Europa y África, así como costas atlánticas de Sudamérica, si bien, debido principalmente a la gran presión pesquera, esta especie ha sufrido un fuerte declive en sus poblaciones (Condini et al 2018). Su hábitat principal lo constituyen fondos rocosos.…”

Section: Especie Estudiadaunclassified

Mortality by nodavirus in grouper (Epinephelus marginatus L., 1758) from the Cabo de Palos and Islas Hormigas Marine Reserve, Murcia

Peñalver

María-Dolores

García‐Charton

et al. 2020

An Biol

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Los nodavirus afectan a gran número de especies de peces, silvestres y cultivadas. En silvestres se ha aislado en diversas especies, pero nunca se había asociado con procesos clínicos en el litoral de Murcia. En otoño de 2017, se detectaron diversos ejemplares de meros (Epinephelus marginatus y E. costae) en la Reserva de Cabo de Palos con sintomatología clínica compatible con nodavirus. La infección por nodavirus fue confirmada mediante RT-PCR en tiempo real y su posterior genotipado (tipo RGNNV). Este hallazgo constituye la primera evidencia regional de infección clínica por nodavirus en peces silvestres, con la relevancia añadida de que la especie afectada es la especie emblemática de la Reserva Marina de Cabo de Palos, el mero. Nodaviruses affect a large number of fish species, wild and farmed. In the wild it has been isolated in various species, but it had never been associated with clinical processes on the coast of Murcia. In autumn 2017, several specimens of groupers (Epinephelus marginatus and E. costae) were detected in the Cabo de Palos Reserve with clinical symptoms compatible with nodavirus. The infection by nodavirus was confirmed by real time RT-PCR and its subsequent genotyping (RGNNV type). This finding constitutes the first regional evidence of clinical infection by nodavirus in wild fish, with the added relevance that the affected specie, the grouper, is the emblematic specie of the Cabo de Palos Marine Reserve.

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Section: Especie Estudiadaunclassified

Mortality by nodavirus in grouper (Epinephelus marginatus L., 1758) from the Cabo de Palos and Islas Hormigas Marine Reserve, Murcia

Peñalver

María-Dolores

García‐Charton

et al. 2020

An Biol

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“…Dusky grouper is a preferred food by fishers and has high market prices [8, 19]. This species is a protogynous, monandric hermaphrodite reef fish that is distributed throughout the Atlantic Ocean, including the coast of Brazil, the Mediterranean Sea, and the African coast [20, 21]. The species has high longevity and a slow growth rate; however, its aggregated spawning behavior makes it vulnerable to fishing pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E. marginatus has been classified as endangered on the IUCN Red List [31], which is especially worrisome given its ecological importance [21]. Fennessy [32, 33] considered overexploitation the major threat for E. marginatus , since its slow growth, protogynous hermaphroditism and spawning aggregation behaviour render it vulnerable to fishing pressures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although much is known about this species in the Mediterranean, information about this species in Brazil is still scarce. Some studies on this fish have focused on investigating its biology along the southern coast of Brazil [21, 34], while others have focused on investigating its genetics [35], ecology, and fishing patterns via the evaluation of local ecological knowledge (LEK) or collaborative processes with fishers near Southeast Brazil [2, 8, 19, 36, 37]. A comprehensive review of the dusky grouper was recently published by Condini et al [21], which included an evaluation of the current knowledge of the biology and ecology of this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies on this fish have focused on investigating its biology along the southern coast of Brazil [21, 34], while others have focused on investigating its genetics [35], ecology, and fishing patterns via the evaluation of local ecological knowledge (LEK) or collaborative processes with fishers near Southeast Brazil [2, 8, 19, 36, 37]. A comprehensive review of the dusky grouper was recently published by Condini et al [21], which included an evaluation of the current knowledge of the biology and ecology of this species. Some information that has already been synthesized is as follows [22, 24, 38–45]: groupers (Epinephelidae) includes about 160 species important economically, such as dusky grouper; it is a protogynous hermaphrodite fish, reaching female sexual maturity at 3 kg, with a mean length at first maturity (L50) of 43.8 cm (Ls) and sex reversal occurring at 10 kg [40, 41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fishers and groupers (Epinephelus marginatus and E. morio) in the coast of Brazil: integrating information for conservation

Begossi

Salyvonchyk

Glamuzina

et al. 2019

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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BackgroundGroupers are a vulnerable but economically important group of fish, especially for small-scale fisheries. We investigated catches and local ecological knowledge (LEK) of diet, habitat, and past fishing experiences.MethodsLandings, prices, interviews, and restaurants demand for two species, Epinephelus marginatus (dusky grouper) and Epinephelus morio (red grouper), were registered.ResultsWe visited 74 markets and 79 sites on the coast of Brazil in 2017–2018, and we interviewed 71 fishers: Bahia (NE), Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (SE), and Santa Catarina (S). The landings sampled of dusky grouper (2016–2017) in Rio de Janeiro were: n = 222, size 38–109 cm, weight 1–24 kg, average 3.84 kg; in São Paulo, São Sebastião were: n = 47, size 39–106 cm, weight 2–8 kg, average of 2.77 kg; and at Santos: n = 80, 26–120 cm, weight 0.36–15 kg, average 2.72 kg. Red grouper was observed in markets in the northeastern Brazil. We did not observe Epinephelus marginatus from Bahia northward; a maximum size of 200 cm was reported south of the Bahia, besides Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo coasts, 20 years ago (or longer) by 12 fishers. Local knowledge of fishers was important for grouper data of habitat and diet; the reproduction period was identified by fishers as September to March.ConclusionsGroupers can be considered as a cultural and ecological keystone species. We suggest protective measures: 1) fishing zoning, 2) islands (MPAs) with the surveillance of fishers, 3) late Spring and early Summer as key periods for management (grouper reproduction), 4) studies on grouper larvae, 5) mapping of fishing spots, 6) studies on local knowledge. Collaboration with small-scale fishers and local knowledge could contribute to low-conflict management measures. In that regard, integrative models of management from Latin America, by using local knowledge and citizen science, could produce successful grouper management for Brazilian data-poor fisheries, a contrasting reality to the Mediterranean areas. Finally, the distribution of E. marginatus in Brazil leave us with questions: a) Have dusky groupers disappeared from Bahia because of a decline in the population? b) Was it uncommon in Northeast Brazil? c) Did changes in water temperatures forced a movement southward?

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Global population genetic structure of the sequential hermaphrodite, dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus)

Vaini

Domingues

Ferrette

et al. 2021

Aquatic Conservation

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1. The dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus is a large epinephelid species that occurs in the eastern and south-western Atlantic and western Indian Oceans. Late maturity, protogynous hermaphroditism, site fidelity, and overfishing have all contributed to its demographic decline.2. Connectivity and demography within a broad sampling of dusky grouper populations throughout its distribution were assessed. To do so, genetic variation at 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci and a partial sequence of the mitochondrial control region (mtCR) were evaluated.3. Two major mtCR lineages with a sequence divergence of 1.6% were found. The magnitude of genetic differentiation for mtCR among north and south Atlantic and Indian Ocean populations was high, with Φ ST = 0.528. 4. D EST and results of discriminant analysis of principal component revealed significant microsatellite genetic differentiation between all collection areas. Significant pairwise D EST showed moderate (0.084) to very great (0.603) differentiation. The effective population size was low for all localities, ranging between 25 (Azores Archipelago) and 311 (Rio Grande do Sul). The overall effective population size was estimated as 299 (confidence interval = 215-412), and there was no evidence of strong or recent bottleneck effects.5. Local and regional genetic structuring among dusky grouper populations is the consequence of the species' site fidelity, distribution across multiple oceanographic boundaries, and probably also of sequential hermaphroditism that contributes to the intensity of random genetic drift.6. The spatial pattern of genetic structuring of dusky groupers is such that fisheries management and conservation of population genetic integrity will have to be pursued at the local and regional scales.

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A review of the biology, ecology, behavior and conservation status of the dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834)

Cited by 33 publications

References 151 publications

Mortality by nodavirus in grouper (Epinephelus marginatus L., 1758) from the Cabo de Palos and Islas Hormigas Marine Reserve, Murcia

Mortality by nodavirus in grouper (Epinephelus marginatus L., 1758) from the Cabo de Palos and Islas Hormigas Marine Reserve, Murcia

Fishers and groupers (Epinephelus marginatus and E. morio) in the coast of Brazil: integrating information for conservation

Global population genetic structure of the sequential hermaphrodite, dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus)

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