A review of chemical and physical characterisation of atmospheric metallic nanoparticles

Sanderson, Paul; Delgado-Saborit, Juana María; Harrison, Roy M.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.05.023

Cited by 145 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Such elements as Na, Mn, Ca, Cu and Br have an evidently anthropogenic origin in the air of the area (EF x > 5; Table 2) and most likely come from the combustion of solid fuels (coal and/or biomass) in household stoves or local house boilers. Some may also come from the combustion of liquid fuels in motor vehicle engines (Chow 1995;Sówka et al 2012;Sanderson et al 2014;Kumar et al 2013). These elements were strongly correlated with PC1-PC5 (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elemental composition and origin of fine ambient particles in the largest Polish conurbation: first results from the short-term winter campaign

Majewski

Rogula–Kozłowska

2015

Theor Appl Climatol

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Diurnal (24-h) samples of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 , ambient particles with an aerodynamic diameter not greater than 2.5 μm) and soil samples were collected in an urban area in Warsaw, in winter. The samples were analysed for 24 elements with an Epsilon 5 spectrometer (PANalytical). The results were then arranged and compared with the results of research conducted earlier in Poland and other parts of the world. Afterwards, sources of ambient PM 2.5 were identified and the share of each in the concentration of PM 2.5 was evaluated by means of enrichment factor (EF) analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and multi-linear regression analysis (MLRA). The results were interpreted using a detailed analysis of correlations between diurnal concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 2.5 -elements, and of changes in meteorological conditions. The winter average ambient concentration of PM 2.5 in Warsaw, was 10.7±7.5 μg/m 3 and was much lower than in the other sites in Poland. In Warsaw, regardless of the concentration of PM 2.5 , the concentrations of certain PM 2.5 -bound elements, mainly toxic, were high, e.g. the average ambient concentrations of PM 2.5 -bound Se, As, Co, V, Cd and Ni were 12.7±30.5, 10.6±34.4, 9.4±13.7, 15.1±32.7, 9.6±22.2 and 3.5±5.0 ng/m 3 , respectively. The elemental composition and concentrations of PM 2.5 appeared to be influenced mainly by the anthropogenic emissions (energy production based on coal and biomass combustion, whose mean contribution to the concentration of PM 2.5 was 18.4 %, and energy production based on oil combustion with a contribution of 9.9 % in PM 2.5 ). A mixture of soil matter and road dust was also identified in PM 2.5 (8 %). The mean contribution of traffic (exhaust) emissions to the concentration of PM 2.5 in an urban area, selected as representative of the Warsaw conurbation, was assessed at 15.4 %.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elemental composition and origin of fine ambient particles in the largest Polish conurbation: first results from the short-term winter campaign

Majewski

Rogula–Kozłowska

2015

Theor Appl Climatol

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“…These particles accumulate on surface soil as a result of atmospheric sedimentation, compaction, and interception. Therefore, the predominant wind direction is an important factor influencing the spatial distribution pattern of heavy metals emitted from vehicle exhaust [32].…”

Section: Heavy Metal Concentrations In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Roadside Soils Along the Shenyang-Dalian Highway in Liaoning Province, China

Zhang

Caiqiu²,

Gong

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Heavy metal contaminations were assessed through a detailed soil survey in roadside soils along the Shenyang-Dalian Highway of Liaoning Province, China. Pb, Cu, Cd, Ni, and Zn were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The average concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cd, Ni, and Zn in roadside soils were 43.8, 26.5, 0.119, 32.1, and 71.3 mg/kg, respectively, and all concentrations exceeded the background values. Different heavy metal distribution patterns were found under different land use types. In farmland, a peak metal concentration occurred 25 m from the roadside soil, while in the forest and orchard soil all heavy metals decreased with distance from the roadside, which conformed to the exponential model. Heavy metal concentrations were markedly higher than those measured in 1999 and 2007, except for Cd. Concentrations in soils along the Shenyang-Dalian Highway were medium or low in comparison with roadside soils in other cities around the world. Overall, this assessment illustrates that heavy metal pollution in these soils is generally low, and we recommend that more attention should be given to Pb contamination in roadside soils along the Shenyang-Dalian Highway.

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“…they can arise from different anthropogenic sources (vehicle emissions, heating, industry, dye industry for SA) (Sanderson et al, 2014;Sternbeck et al, 2002).…”

Section: Pm10 Concentration and Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and potential sources of trace elements in PM10 monitored in urban and rural sites of Piedmont Region

et al. 2016

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The results on elemental composition of aerosol (PM10) sampled during 2011 in Piedmont region (Italy) are interpreted using meteorological data, Enrichment Factors (EF), chemometric processing by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Factor Analysis (FA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA).Daily concentrations of about 30 elements were measured using HR-ICP-MS in five monitoring sites. A clear seasonal pattern, with higher concentrations in autumn and winter, was observed, particularly in the urban sites. Levels of As, Cd, Ni and Pb in most of the samples were within the limits imposed by the European legislation. Spatial differences in PM10 and metal concentrations were significant, with rural and urban sites showing different metal patterns, indicating different sources. K and Ca were used, respectively, as marker of biomass burning and industrial marker (cement plant); EFs showed that Ca was enriched just in one area and K was enriched only in the winter period considered and in some stations.Data analysis through PCA, FA and HCA allowed us to identify correlations among the investigated elements and similarities between sampling sites in order to individuate specific emission sources, such as non-exhaust vehicle emission. Keywords PiedmontTrace elements in PM10 Spatial variability Chemometric processingInductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

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A review of chemical and physical characterisation of atmospheric metallic nanoparticles

Cited by 145 publications

References 93 publications

The elemental composition and origin of fine ambient particles in the largest Polish conurbation: first results from the short-term winter campaign

The elemental composition and origin of fine ambient particles in the largest Polish conurbation: first results from the short-term winter campaign

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Roadside Soils Along the Shenyang-Dalian Highway in Liaoning Province, China

Spatial distribution and potential sources of trace elements in PM10 monitored in urban and rural sites of Piedmont Region

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