A review: applications of ion transport in micro‐nanofluidic systems based on ion concentration polarization

Han, Wu; Chen, Xueye

doi:10.1002/jctb.6288

Cited by 64 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…[351] While this work provides a theoretical modeling analysis, others have put these principles to the test in ion concentration polarization devices. [352,353] Furthermore, preconcentrators can be used to reduce the negative effects of electroosmotic flow on ion enrichment. [354] Massively parallel hierarchical nanochannels can concentrate nucleic acids, proteins, and bacteria, at concentrations down to the attomolar level, in complex samples including whole blood.…”

Section: Nanochannelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Biosensors and Diagnostic Technologies Using Nanostructures and Nanomaterials

Welch

Powell

Clevinger

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Nanoscale materials have unique properties that make them especially useful for biomedical diagnostic applications. Recent developments in nanoengineering have resulted in increasing use of nanostructures in biosensors. Various types of 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures have been used to improve biosensor sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection, and time to result, among other metrics. These nanostructures have been integrated into electrochemical, optical, and other biosensors for this purpose. Here, the most recent advances in the use of nanostructured materials in biosensors are described. This includes a discussion of nanoparticles, nanorods, nanofibers, nanopillars, nanowires, nanosheets, indented nanopatterns (nanoholes and nanoslits), nanogaps, nanochannels, nanopores, nanofunctionalized surfaces, and complex hierarchical structures and their unique advantages and applications in biosensors. Clinical applications of these nanobiosensors are also highlighted along with a discussion of the future directions for these materials in diagnostics.

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Section: Nanochannelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Biosensors and Diagnostic Technologies Using Nanostructures and Nanomaterials

Welch

Powell

Clevinger

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Ion concentration polarization (ICP) is an electrokinetic mass-transport phenomena that occurs when ions selectively penetrate through nanoscale channels or porous membranes, which shows great potential for various applications, such as biomolecule concentration and particle separation, and even for further advanced applications, such as nanofluidic desalination and cell lysis [ 13 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 ]. The fundamental characteristics of the ICP process can be significantly regulated by controlling external parameters, such as applied DC electric potentials, ionic strength of medium, concentration of soluble analytes, and velocity profiles of bulk flows, once the permselectivity of nanofluidic elements is fixed.…”

Section: Active Separation Group 2: Contacting Electrical Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Microfluidic Continuous Separation Techniques for Micro-/Nanoscale Bioparticles

Choe

Kim

2021

Biosensors

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Separation of micro- and nano-sized biological particles, such as cells, proteins, and nucleotides, is at the heart of most biochemical sensing/analysis, including in vitro biosensing, diagnostics, drug development, proteomics, and genomics. However, most of the conventional particle separation techniques are based on membrane filtration techniques, whose efficiency is limited by membrane characteristics, such as pore size, porosity, surface charge density, or biocompatibility, which results in a reduction in the separation efficiency of bioparticles of various sizes and types. In addition, since other conventional separation methods, such as centrifugation, chromatography, and precipitation, are difficult to perform in a continuous manner, requiring multiple preparation steps with a relatively large minimum sample volume is necessary for stable bioprocessing. Recently, microfluidic engineering enables more efficient separation in a continuous flow with rapid processing of small volumes of rare biological samples, such as DNA, proteins, viruses, exosomes, and even cells. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the recent advances in microfluidic separation of micro-/nano-sized bioparticles by summarizing the physical principles behind the separation system and practical examples of biomedical applications.

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“…One can expect that the recirculating flow actively mixes the fluid inside the network and mitigates the local accumulation of charged species as a consequence. While the accumulation of those species is often demanded for a (bio)molecular preconcentrator, ,, the enrichment exceeding the solubility at specific locations is strictly unfavorable if they form a solid phase (i.e., crystallization or precipitation) and deposited within the channel (i.e., scaling or fouling). Scaling generally triggers fouling in electrochemical membrane and its (sub)microscale pores, which is caused by the precipitation or crystallization of inorganic and sparingly soluble salt ions .…”

Section: Anticrystallization In Nonuniform Array Of Microchannelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlimiting Current in Nonuniform Arrays of Microchannels: Recirculating Flow and Anticrystallization

et al. 2021

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Overlimiting current (OLC) through electrolytes interfaced with perm-selective membranes has been extensively researched in recent years for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of transport and developing efficient applications from electrochemistry to sample analysis and separation. Predominant mechanisms responsible for OLC include surface conduction, convection by electro-osmotic flow, and electro-osmotic instability depending on input parameters such as surface charge and geometric constrictions. This work studies how a network of microchannels in a non-uniform array, which mimicks a natural pore configuration, can contribute to OLC. To this end, micro/nanofluidic devices are fabricated with arrays of parallel microchannels with non-uniform size distributions. All cases maintain the same surface and bulk conduction to allow probing the sensitivity only by the non-uniformity of the channels.Both experimental and theoretical current-voltage relations demonstrate that OLCs increase with increasing non-uniformity. Furthermore, the visualization of internal recirculating flows indicates that the non-uniform arrays induce flow loops across the network enhancing advective transport. These evidences confirm a new driving mechanism of OLC, inspired by natural micro/nanoporous materials with random geometric structure. Therefore, this result can advance not only the fundamental understanding of nanoelectrokinetics but also the design rule of engineering applications of electrochemical membrane.

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A review: applications of ion transport in micro‐nanofluidic systems based on ion concentration polarization

Cited by 64 publications

References 74 publications

Advances in Biosensors and Diagnostic Technologies Using Nanostructures and Nanomaterials

Advances in Biosensors and Diagnostic Technologies Using Nanostructures and Nanomaterials

Progress of Microfluidic Continuous Separation Techniques for Micro-/Nanoscale Bioparticles

Overlimiting Current in Nonuniform Arrays of Microchannels: Recirculating Flow and Anticrystallization

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