A resistance-based damage location sensor for carbon-fibre composites

Abstract

A simple resistance-based sensor is presented, consisting of wire contacts embedded at the edge of a carbon-fibre composite. The sensor proved capable of detecting barely visible damage, induced by a falling-dart impact tester, and accurately providing the damage location. It also proved possible to follow the progression of damage with increasing impact energies. The analysis of the results was straightforward and required no complex calculations. The incorporation of the sensor into practical composite manufacturing routines is also straightforward.

Structural Diagnostics of CFRP Composite Aircraft Components by Ultrasonic Guided Waves and Built-In Piezoelectric Transducers

“…Impact damage identification in CFRP composites has also been demonstrated by measuring changes in the electrical resistance across a composite panel [59]. Both strain based and electrical resistance methods of damage identification are extremely localized.…”

Self-sensing and self-healing in composites

“…This method proved to be an effective way of using the sample itself as a strain gage and allowed the real-time monitoring of strain, but this method relies on bulk conductivity changes in the material and thus provides no distinction between localized high-stress concentrations or a more general stress throughout the material. This initial concept was further developed to enable the identification and location of damage within a composite [5][6][7].…”

“…Therefore, a series of contacts embedded along each end of a unidirectional panel will be able to detect changes in the fibers between the contacts, and damage location is possible within the plane of the unidirectional layer (Figure 9.2). If a second layer is oriented at 90°to the first layer, it is possible to triangulate the signal from the two plies and thus to locate the damage within the panel [5,25,26].…”

“…This is due to the intimate contact between plies lying at different orientations reducing the difference between the resistances in the two orientations and thus preventing location of the damage within the layer [5]. The incorporation of insulating layers prevents neighboring plies from contacting each other and thus enables damage location.…”

Solid state self-healing system: Effects of using PDGEBA, PVC and PVA as linear healing agents

“…A solid-state healable system [10][11][12][13] was identified as an alternative technology for intrinsic self-healing system. This system employs a thermosetting resin as a matrix of which a thermoplastic is dissolved.…”