A repeatable assembling and disassembling electrochemical aptamer cytosensor for ultrasensitive and highly selective detection of human liver cancer cells

Critical overview on the application of sensors and biosensors for clinical analysis

“…Alternatively, Sun et al [150] proposed an electrochemical cytosensor based on aptamers but attached on a glassy carbon electrode with gold nanoparticles. Both electrochemical cytosensors provided a wide detection range from 10 2 to 10 7 cells mL −1 but with different LODs, 30 cells mL −1 obtained by Sun et al [149] and 15 cells mL −1 by Sun et al [150]. The advantage of such cytosensors is the regeneration of the sensing system through an electrochemical reductive desorption method, which breaks the gold-thiol bond and removes all components on the gold nanoparticle/glassy carbon electrode surface.…”

“…The same research group detected human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells using cytosensors but with two types of sensing principles. Sun et al [149] proposed an electrochemical cytosensor based on aptamers covalently attached to a gold electrode to capture the cancerous cells using horseradish peroxidase and gold nanoparticles in the sensing probe. Alternatively, Sun et al [150] proposed an electrochemical cytosensor based on aptamers but attached on a glassy carbon electrode with gold nanoparticles.…”

Ligand-based targeted therapy: a novel strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma

“…This aptamer was also used for ultrasensitive and selective electrochemical cytosensing for HCC cells. 202 There are studies using the conjugates or TLS11a-GC-guided DOX delivery, 205 and so on. These aptamers in Table 5 are potential ligands for targeted therapy for HCC, and the specificity and efficiency would be investigated in further works.…”

Guanine Quadruplex Electrochemical Aptasensors

“…A sandwich-type electrochemical aptamer cytosensor for the detection of HepG2 cells was used [106]. On the first approach, the sensor was built up by self-assembling thiolated TLS11a aptamers on the surface of gold electrodes and a G4/hemin/aptamer and HRP-modified gold nanoparticles.…”

“…In comparison with protein peroxidases, the hemin/G4 peroxidase-mimicking DNAzymes have several advantages, such as high chemical stability, low cost and simple synthesis. Hemin/G4 DNAzyme electrochemical biosensors were successfully used for the detection of cells [106,107], proteins [108][109][110] or low molecular weight molecules, such as adenosine monophosphate (AMP) [102,111,112], anticancer drugs [113], gaseous ligands [114], toxins [115,116], pollutant agents [117,118] or metal ions [119,120].…”