A randomized double‐blind placebo controlled phase I–II study on clinical and molecular effects of dietary supplements in men with precancerous prostatic lesions. Chemoprevention or “chemopromotion”?

Gontero, Paolo; Marra, Giancarlo; Soria, Francesco; Oderda, Marco; Zitella, Andrea; Baratta, Francesca; Chiorino, Giovanna; Gregnanin, Ilaria; Lilleri, Daniele; Cattel, Luigi; Frea, Bruno; Brusa, Paola

doi:10.1002/pros.22999

Cited by 65 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Resveratrol, ellagic acid or green tea catechins [3,4,50] have been previously shown to modulate miRNA expression in certain tissues. We here provide additional evidence that HT, the foremost polyphenol of extra virgin olive oil and a unique component of the Mediterranean diet, also modulates the expression of miRNAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxytyrosol supplementation modulates the expression of miRNAs in rodents and in humans

Tomé‐Carneiro

Crespo

Iglesias‐Gutiérrez

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxytyrosol supplementation modulates the expression of miRNAs in rodents and in humans

Tomé‐Carneiro

Crespo

Iglesias‐Gutiérrez

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…In a similarly designed study comparing EGCG extract versus placebo, a significant decrease was obtained only for the combined endpoint "carcinoma plus atypical small acinar proliferations" but not for prostate cancer alone [201]. Contrary to these results, Gontero et al [202] reported an increase in prostate cancer incidence in patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) or atypical small acinar proliferations (ASAP), after supplementing the diet with selenium, lycopene and GTE.…”

Section: Prostatic Cancer-additional Evidencementioning

confidence: 91%

Green Tea and Its Extracts in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

et al. 2017

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Green tea (GT) and green tea extracts (GTE) have been postulated to decrease cancer incidence. In vitro results indicate a possible effect; however, epidemiological data do not support cancer chemoprevention. We have performed a PubMED literature search for green tea consumption and the correlation to the common tumor types lung, colorectal, breast, prostate, esophageal and gastric cancer, with cohorts from both Western and Asian countries. We additionally included selected mechanistical studies for a possible mode of action. The comparability between studies was limited due to major differences in study outlines; a meta analysis was thus not possible and studies were evaluated individually. Only for breast cancer could a possible small protective effect be seen in Asian and Western cohorts, whereas for esophagus and stomach cancer, green tea increased the cancer incidence, possibly due to heat stress. No effect was found for colonic/colorectal and prostatic cancer in any country, for lung cancer Chinese studies found a protective effect, but not studies from outside China. Epidemiological studies thus do not support a cancer protective effect. GT as an indicator of as yet undefined parameters in lifestyle, environment and/or ethnicity may explain some of the observed differences between China and other countries.

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“…Biological and environmental factors are predominantly common to both tissue and circulating miRNAs. Multiple studies have highlighted that both external and patient-intrinsic -Study design -Develop standard procedures for specimen selection and handling -Review miRNA databases to select appropriate miRNAs for study -Avoid blood cell miRNAs -Account for environmental and biological preanalytic variables with appropriate case and control subjects -Document relevant preanalytic variables and deviations from standard procedures -Extraction -Common extraction method for all specimens -Normalization -Use exogenous "spike in" miRNA or validated endogenous miRNA factors such as age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), diet, fasting state, underlying illnesses/organ dysfunction, blood cell count, exercise, vitamin supplementation, medications, smoking, diurnal variation, chemical exposure and even altitude can influence miRNA concentrations and are often difficult to standardize [2,13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Common Pre-analytical Variables Common Biological/environmenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in, variability out: best practice recommendations to standardize pre-analytical variables in the detection of circulating and tissue microRNAs

Khan

Lieberman

Lockwood

2017

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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microRNAs (miRNAs) hold promise as biomarkers for a variety of disease processes and for determining cell differentiation. These short RNA species are robust, survive harsh treatment and storage conditions and may be extracted from blood and tissue. Pre-analytical variables are critical confounders in the analysis of miRNAs: we elucidate these and identify best practices for minimizing sample variation in blood and tissue specimens. Preanalytical variables addressed include patient-intrinsic variation, time and temperature from sample collection to storage or processing, processing methods, contamination by cells and blood components, RNA extraction method, normalization, and storage time/conditions. For circulating miRNAs, hemolysis and blood cell contamination significantly affect profiles; samples should be processed within 2 h of collection; ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is preferred while heparin should be avoided; samples should be "double spun" or filtered; room temperature or 4 °C storage for up to 24 h is preferred; miRNAs are stable for at least 1 year at -20 °C or -80 °C. For tissuebased analysis, warm ischemic time should be < 1 h; cold ischemic time (4 °C) < 24 h; common fixative used for all specimens; formalin fix up to 72 h prior to processing; enrich for cells of interest; validate candidate biomarkers with in situ visualization. Most importantly, all specimen types should have standard and common workflows with careful documentation of relevant pre-analytical variables.

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A randomized double‐blind placebo controlled phase I–II study on clinical and molecular effects of dietary supplements in men with precancerous prostatic lesions. Chemoprevention or “chemopromotion”?

Abstract: Administration of high doses of lycopene, GTCs, and selenium in men harboring HGPIN and/or ASAP was associated with a higher incidence of PCa at re-biopsy and expression of microRNAs implicated in PCa progression at molecular analysis. The use of these supplements should be avoided.

Cited by 65 publications

References 33 publications

Hydroxytyrosol supplementation modulates the expression of miRNAs in rodents and in humans

Hydroxytyrosol supplementation modulates the expression of miRNAs in rodents and in humans

Green Tea and Its Extracts in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

Variability in, variability out: best practice recommendations to standardize pre-analytical variables in the detection of circulating and tissue microRNAs

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