A Randomized Blinded Trial of Nucleus Accumbens Ablation to Treat Opiate Dependence in Humans: Location Correlates with Outcome

Wang, Xuelian; Chang, Chongwang; Ge, Shunnan; Li, Nan; Geng, Ning; Wang, Jing; Adler, John R.; Wang, Xin; Gao, Guodong

doi:10.7759/cureus.49

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…3 The ability to deliver smaller, more precise radiosurgical treatments allows us to make use of the ever-improving ability to detect and precisely localize increasingly small pathologies. 4 Furthermore, for specialized clinical applications, such as non-destructive "radiomodulation" 5,6 the beam diameter to the target is essential to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and at the same time to minimize off -target effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Monte Carlo based dosimetric investigation of a novel 3 mm radiosurgery 3 MV beam using the microSilicon detector

Saße,

Albers,

Klassen

et al. 2024

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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BackgroundThe ZAP‐X system is a novel gyroscopic radiosurgical system based on a 3 MV linear accelerator and collimator cones with a diameter between 4 and 25 mm. Advances in imaging modalities to detect small and early‐stage pathologies allow for an early and less invasive treatment, where a smaller collimator matching the anatomical target could provide better sparing of surrounding healthy tissue.PurposeA novel 3 mm collimator cone for the ZAP‐X was developed. This study aims to investigate the usability of a commercial diode detector (microSilicon) for the dosimetric characterization of this small collimator cone; and to investigate the underlying small field perturbation effects.MethodsProfile measurements in five depths as well as PDD and output ratio measurements were performed with a microSilicon detector and radiochromic EBT3 films. In addition, comprehensive Monte Carlo simulations were performed to validate the measurement observations and to quantify the perturbation effects of the microSilicon detector in these extremely small field conditions.ResultsIt is shown that the microSilicon detector enables an accurate dosimetric characterization of the 3 mm beam. The profile parameters, such as the FWHM and 20%–80% penumbra width, agree within 0.1 to 0.2 mm between film and detector measurements. The output ratios agree within the measurement uncertainty between microSilicon detector and films, whereas the comparisons of the PDD results show good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis of the perturbation factors of the microSilicon detector reveals a small field correction factor of approximately 3% for the 3 mm circular beam and a correction factor smaller than 1.5% for field diameters above 3 mm.ConclusionsIt could be shown that the microSilicon detector is well‐suitable for the characterization of the new 3 mm circular beam of the ZAP‐X system.

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