A Proposal for Mitigating Multiple Black-Hole Attack in Wireless Mesh Networks

Abstract

<p class="MsoNormal"> <span lang="EN-US">The Network Layer in wireless mesh networks is responsible for routing packets making it a prime target for intruders and hackers. Black-hole attack is a type of denial-of-service attack which when carried out can disrupt the services of this layer. This paper takes a look at some important detection and mitigation techniques and presents the drawbacks. After analysis of current mechanisms, the paper proposes RID-AODV, a security solution for multiple black-hole attack in wireless mesh networks. Based on the backbone of AODV, RID-AODV combines the ability of route skipping of IDSAODV and route failure correction using reverse route establishment of RAODV. The enhanced protocol RID-</span><span lang="EN-US">AODV, AODV, IDSAODV, and RAODV are implemented in a simulated environment using ns-2.35 simulator. The networks for each protocol are bombarded with up to ten black-hole nodes starting from zero. The results obtained are then analyzed and compared and a discussion is</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">presented</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> </p

Protocol for Multiple Black Hole Attack Avoidance in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

“…Many of the proposed solutions that make the route establishment process longer while the nodes are moving are facing from the link failure problem. Shree and Ogwu in [6] addressed this issue by getting advantage of the reverse AODV (RAODV) routing protocol proposed by Kim et al in [19]. RAODV discovers route using reverse route discovery procedure where the destination node sends reverse-route request (R-RREQ) messages to its neighbors to find a valid route to the source node after receiving RREQ from source node.…”

“…RAODV discovers route using reverse route discovery procedure where the destination node sends reverse-route request (R-RREQ) messages to its neighbors to find a valid route to the source node after receiving RREQ from source node. Their simulation results of RAODV show that it does improve the performance of AODV in metrics such as packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay, and energy consumption [6,19].…”

“…Although RAODV has not been designed to prevent black hole attacks and it was developed with the aim of solving path failure problem, Shree and Ogwu proposed in [6] to use it in mitigating the effects of black hole attacks in ad hoc networks. Therefore, they proposed RID-AODV protocol that combines RAODV (proposed in [19]) and IDSAODV (proposed in [18]) to withstand multiple black hole attacks in client-based WMNs [6].…”

“…The proposed protocol, "Enhanced RID-AODV," is a modification and enhancement of the RID-AODV protocol proposed in [6]. RID-AODV protocol was proposed as combination of previous two protocols, namely, IDSAODV (which is proposed in [18]) and RAODV (proposed in [19]) as mentioned in the previous section.…”

“…Once a source node saves a route, it starts sending buffered data packets to a malicious node hoping they will be forwarded to a destination node. Nevertheless, a malicious node (performing a black hole attack) drops all data packets rather than forwarding them [6].…”