A powerful azomethine ylide route mediated by TiO₂ photocatalysis for the preparation of polysubstituted imidazolidines

Abstract

Lewis- and Brönsted-acid catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azomethine ylides and unsaturated compounds is an important strategy to construct five-membered N-heterocycles. However, such catalytic route usually demands substrates with electron-withdrawing-group (EWG)...

Noble-Free Nanophotocatalyst of TixFeyLamOz for Efficient Photocatalytic C–N Cross-Coupling Reactions under Visible Light

“…Oxide nanoparticles have also been used as photocatalysts in different reactions, including Suzuki, Sonogoshira, Ullmann & Stille coupling and C–N coupling . TiO 2 is one of the well-known catalysts with wide applications in photocatalytic reactions. , The popularity of TiO 2 lies in its nontoxicity, high chemical stability, and cost-effectiveness . Xu et al studied the C–N coupling reaction using TiO 2 nanoparticles under 390 nm (85 W) irradiation at room temperature for 36 h with a final yield of 73% …”

Asymmetric synthesis of chiral imidazolidines by merging copper and visible light-induced photoredox catalysis

“…8 Chen's group reported a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylide with alcohols mediated by TiO 2 , affording numerous polysubstituted imidazolidines in high yields. 9 Additionally, our group realized a visible light-mediated synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols via a decarboxylative radical coupling reaction of N -aryl amino acids with aldehydes or ketones. 10 Inspired by the countless investigations concerning visible light-photoredox catalysis, it is also desirable to explore a sustainable and simple approach for the direct synthesis of chiral imidazolidines using cheap and low-toxicity material under environmentally friendly conditions for the future industrial application of imidazolidines in diverse fields.…”

CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots as a visible light photocatalyst for cyclisation of diamines and amino alcohols: an efficient approach to synthesize imidazolidines, fused-imidazolidines and oxazolidines

“…2a and b). [16][17][18][19][20] The synthesis of such compounds via visible light photo-redox catalysis [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] is more advantageous due to the low cost, environmentally benign and easy handling attributes. The conventional transition metal 23 and organic dye 24 based visible light-induced photo-redox catalysis suffers from major pitfalls such as: the use of expensive metals, narrow absorption windows, fixed bandgaps, inferior charge separation capacity, mediocre product selectivity, poor airtolerance, non-reusability, etc.…”