A pilot study of the Video Observations Aarts and Aarts (VOAA): a new software program to measure motor behaviour in children with cerebral palsy

Aarts, Pauline; Jongerius, Peter H.; Aarts, Michel Ag; Hartingsveldt, Margo J. van; Anderson, Peter; Beumer, Annechien

doi:10.1002/oti.229

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Very often, children with unilateral CP will tend to limit the use of their affected hand to simple functions, for example as a 'stabilizer' for the non-affected hand[4]. In this perspective, many young children with an asymmetric upper limb function due to CP must be stimulated to improve their bimanual performance, especially in their pre-school and primary school age[5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validity and reliability of the VOAA-DDD to assess spontaneous hand use with a video observation tool in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy

Aarts

Jongerius

Geerdink

et al. 2009

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundIn 2003 new computer software, the VOAA (Video Observations Aarts and Aarts), was designed to score and evaluate two important aspects of spontaneous upper limb use, i.e. overall duration and frequency of specific behaviours. The aim of this study was to investigate the test-retest, interrater and intrarater reliability and the construct validity of a new module, the VOAA-DDD, to determine developmental disregard in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsA test-retest design with three raters for reliability and a two-group design for construct validity were used. Subjects were a total of 20 children with spastic unilateral CP equally divided in two age groups (2.5-5 and 5-8 years), and 56 healthy children of the same age groups. Overall duration and frequency of specific behaviours of the affected arm and hand were assessed during a task demanding ('stringing beads') and a task stimulating ('decorating a muffin') the use of both hands. Reliability was estimated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Construct validity was assessed by comparing children with CP to healthy children.ResultsAll ICCs exceeded 0.87. In contrast with healthy children, children with CP used their affected hand less during the 'muffin' task compared to the 'beads' task. Of the children with CP, 90% in the age group of 2.5-5 years and 50% in the age group of 5-8 years showed values exceeding the extreme values of healthy controls, respectively, indicating developmental disregard.ConclusionThe VOAA-DDD is a reliable and valid instrument to assess spontaneous use of the affected arm and hand in order to determine developmental disregard in children with spastic unilateral CP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…overall duration and frequency of specific behaviours during predetermined, age-appropriate activities[5]. The scoring system of the VOAA-software supports the raters with well standardized videos that can be accurately and reliably assessed using buttons for all pre-determined behaviours that are linked to an integrated timer function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and reliability of the VOAA-DDD to assess spontaneous hand use with a video observation tool in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy

Aarts

Jongerius

Geerdink

et al. 2009

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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“…CGEL or Aarts/ Aarts 1982), a sentence such as (3) can then be seen as consisting of a subject (which is a complement of the governing verb), a predicate (comprising the verb and any further complements apart from the subject) and the adjuncts: The various models of valency differ in their classificational approach to complements. e.g.…”

Section: A Pattern-and-examples Section Which Lists the Valency Pattmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Hence, the complements in italics in (15/16 a/b) are not a prerequisite for a grammatical sentence with the verb in the same sense, as (15c) Following an observation made by Allerton (1975 and1982), different types of optionality can be distinguished. Hence, the complements in italics in (15/16 a/b) are not a prerequisite for a grammatical sentence with the verb in the same sense, as (15c) Following an observation made by Allerton (1975 and1982), different types of optionality can be distinguished.…”

Section: Obligatory and Optional Complementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

II Valency theory and the Valency Dictionary of English A few remarks on the linguistic and lexicographical principles

2004

A Valency Dictionary of English

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IntroductionThe Valency Dictionary of English is a dictionary of the complementation patterns of English verbs, nouns and adjectives. Although there are valency dictionaries for other languages such as German or French, it is the first dictionary of its kind for English. Valency theory and lexicographyValency theory is a model of language that derives from the framework of dependency grammar as originally developed by the French linguist Lucien Tesnière. The concept was taken over and further developed in many European countries. Surprisingly, relatively few scholars have applied the theory to English. The first valency model for English verbs was designed by Emons (1974 and 1978), in a more general way the concept was applied to English by Matthews (1981), and it was further developed in Allerton's (1982) study Valency and the English Verb. The concept was also applied to other word classes such as adjectives and nouns (Herbst 1983 and 1988). In some respects these approaches differ considerably and the present dictionary is indebted to all of them just as it is to related work within other frameworks.As the development of valency theory has been strongly influenced by the demands of foreign language teaching, it lends itself to lexicography. Since 1969, when Helbig and Schenkel's Wörterbuch zur Valenz und Distribution deutscher Verben first appeared, a number of valency dictionaries have been published for languages as diverse as French, German, Italian, Spanish, Latin and Japanese. Some of these are scholarly dictionaries mainly intended for linguistic research, others have been designed primarily to be used by foreign learners. 1 The Valency Dictionary of English attempts to find a compromise between the two types. It aims at greatest possible user-friendliness while at the same time providing a linguistically accurate description of the complementation aspects of the English lexicon that aims to be of value to applied and theoretical linguists and to encourage further research in the field. This aim is also reflected in the structure of the entries: A typical entry is divided into four sections:1. a complement section (verb entries only), which contains an inventory of the complements of the verb (or for each of the different senses identified), information about the minimum number of elements required in active and passive clauses etc. a pattern-and-examples section, which lists the valency patterns (without subjects) and ap-propriate examples for each sense identified 3. a notes-on-meaning section, which provides information about the senses identified and semantic and collocational properties of the complements 4. an idiomatic phrasal verbs section (verb entries only), which lists phrasal verb combinations of the headword 1. For a development of valency theory and its relation to other theories of syntax see Ágel (2000), Helbig (1992) or Herbst/Heath/Dederding (1980).

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“…Use of the affected hand is stimulated but not obligated in the AHA. We therefore felt the need for an instrument that measures the capacity of the affected hand in bimanual activities and so developed the Observational Skills Assessment Score (OSAS) using basic ideas of the Video Observation Aarts and Aarts (VOAA) [14]. Whereas the MUUL measures unilateral capacity and the AHA measures actual use in bimanual performance, the OSAS measures both the amount and the quality of use (capacity) of the affected hand in tasks in which both hands need to be used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational skills assessment score: reliability in measuring amount and quality of use of the affected hand in unilateral cerebral palsy

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe Observational Skills Assessment Score (OSAS) measures amount and quality of use of the affected hand in children with unilateral Cerebral Palsy (CP) in bimanual activities and could therefore be a valuable addition to existing assessment tools. The OSAS consists of tasks that are age appropriate and require use of the affected hand.MethodsTo measure the agreement and reliability of the OSAS a convenience sample of two groups of 16 children with unilateral spastic CP (2.5-6 and 12–16 years old), performed age specific bimanual tasks in 2 measurement sessions. Three experienced raters took part in testing and 8 in scoring. Intra class correlation (ICC) values for intra- and inter-rater reliability, and the mean and standard deviation of the differences between measurements were calculated. For test-retest reliability beside ICC scores, Smallest Detectable Differences (SDDs) were calculated in 16 older and 10 younger children.ResultsGenerally, there seems to be good agreement between repeated measurements of the OSAS, as indicated by the small SDDs on most scales for quality of movement, compared to the range of their scales. This indicates potentially good sensitivity to change if used for patient evaluation purposes. The exceptions were the ‘quality of reach’ score for all tasks, and all quality scores for the stacking blocks task for the young children. As used in the present study, the OSAS has good discriminative capacity within patient populations as indicated by the high ICCs for most quality scores. Measuring the amount of use does not seem to be useful for either discrimination or evaluation.ConclusionIn general, the OSAS seems to be a reliable tool for assessing the quality of use of the affected hand in bimanual activities in younger and older children with unilateral CP. Some modifications may improve its usefulness and efficiency.

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A pilot study of the Video Observations Aarts and Aarts (VOAA): a new software program to measure motor behaviour in children with cerebral palsy

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Validity and reliability of the VOAA-DDD to assess spontaneous hand use with a video observation tool in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy

Validity and reliability of the VOAA-DDD to assess spontaneous hand use with a video observation tool in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy

II Valency theory and the Valency Dictionary of English A few remarks on the linguistic and lexicographical principles

Observational skills assessment score: reliability in measuring amount and quality of use of the affected hand in unilateral cerebral palsy

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