A numerical investigation of heat transfer and entropy generation during jet impingement cooling of protruding heat sources without and with porous medium

The effect of Al 2 O 3 -water nanofluid on the heat transfer and entropy generation of laminar forced convection through isotropic porous media

“…As presented in other investigations [21,43], evaluation of thermal porous systems with the second law leads to the minimization of entropy generation without any consideration for the heat transfer. In order to make the evaluation of the thermal systems more comprehensive, the PEC, which makes use of the first and second laws of thermodynamics and has previously been applied to assess the thermodynamic efficiency of porous media [21], is employed.…”

Nanofluid jet impingement heating of a cooled surface with a constant heat flux in the presence of porous layer

“…They found that a high modified Grashof number or wider inlet jet section makes the average Nusselt number increase at a high Reynolds number. The numerical study by Lam and Prakash (2015) investigated the forced convection and entropy generation of jet impingement on a surface with discrete protruding heat sources by using generalized Darcy Forchheimer Brinkman model for porous medium. The results revealed that there is an increase in the average Nusselt number with increasing Reynolds number.…”

Natural convection cooling process from two identical porous‐covering electronic components

“…In this case, the porous material is used in two different ways: (i) the heat sources are mounted in a partially or fully porous channel [7][8][9] ; (ii) the heat sources are enveloped by a porous material inside a filled-fluid channel. 10,11 In fact, the main results of these studies have shown that the introduction of a porous material results in the enhancement of the cooling process.…”