A Novel Variable Rate Pneumatic Fertilizer Applicator

Ishola, Tajudeen Abiodun; Yahya, Azmi; Shariff, Abdul Rashid Mohamed; Aziz, Samsuzana Abd

doi:10.1080/10739149.2013.879663

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…The measuring and triggering systems were completely designed on the basis of virtual instrumentation. cRIO-9073 platform [62] made by National Instruments was used as the control unit [63], [64]. The cRIO platform was selected as it consists of a combination of a gate array (FPGA) and a controller with VxWorks real-time operating system (RTOS).…”

Section: Description Of the Measuring And Triggering System Hw Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost System for Seismocardiography-Based Cardiac Triggering: A Practical Solution for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla

et al. 2019

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This study describes a pilot clinical validation of a new low-cost system for the continuous monitoring of the human body's cardiorespiratory activities within the magnetic resonance examination area. This study primarily focuses on monitoring cardiac activity and the related cardiac triggering. The patented system tested by the authors is based on seismocardiography (SCG). The study was conducted on 18 subjects on a Siemens Prisma 3T MR scanner. Standard anatomical and diffusion sequences were used to test cardiac activity monitoring. A wide range of commonly used diagnostic sequences were used to test imaging of the heart by means of cardiac triggering. System functionality was verified against a commercially available electrocardiography (ECG) system. Monitoring of cardiac activity (detection of the R-R interval in ECG and the AO-AO interval in SCG) was objectively evaluated by determining the overall probability of correct detection (ACC), sensitivity (SE), positive predictive value (PPV), and harmonic mean between SE and PPV, i.e. F1. Imaging quality control using Cardiac Triggering was performed by subjective evaluation of images by the physicians. The study conducted clearly confirmed the functionality of the system in terms of continuous cardiac activity monitoring. In all 18 subjects, a mean PPV > 99 % was achieved; F1 > 99 %; SE > 99 %; ACC > 98 %; 1.96σ < 3.5 bpm. Also, Cardiac Triggering functionality was confirmed by the physicians on the basis of analyzing cardiac images using the T1/T2 balanced echo sequences and the T1 flash sequence measured natively. INDEX TERMS Seismocardiography-based cardiac triggering, seismocardiography (SCG), siemens prisma 3T, monitor patient vital signs during MRI, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI).

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Section: Description Of the Measuring And Triggering System Hw Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost System for Seismocardiography-Based Cardiac Triggering: A Practical Solution for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla

et al. 2019

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“…Zhang et al [36] optimized the control sequence of rotational speed and feed wheel length for a slotted-wheel dual variable fertilizer applicator, which was paired with the developed fertilizer application model to create a fertilizer application rate map for the variable fertilizer applicator and effectively improved fertilizer application performance and, ultimately, the accurate management of the crop. Ishola et al [37] developed an RFIDtriggered variable speed pneumatic fertilizer application system that was independent of GPS signals under an oil palm canopy. It was equipped with a speed feedback mechanism to effectively avoid wasting fertilizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Neuron PID UAV Variable Fertilizer Application Control System Based on a Weighted Coefficient Learning Correction

Yao

et al. 2022

Agriculture

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Agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which are a new type of fertilizer application technology, have been rapidly developed internationally. This study combines the agronomic characteristics of rice fertilization with weighted coefficient learning-modified single-neuron adaptive proportional–integral–differential (PID) control technology to study and design an aerial real-time variable fertilizer application control system that is suitable for rice field operations in northern China. The nitrogen deficiency at the target plot is obtained from a map based on a fertilizer prescription map, and the amount of fertilizer is calculated by a variable fertilizer application algorithm. The advantages and disadvantages of the two control algorithms are analyzed by a MATLAB simulation in an indoor test, which is integrated into the spreading system to test the effect of actual spreading. A three-factor, three-level orthogonal test of fertilizer-spreading performance is designed for an outdoor test, and the coefficient of variation of particle distribution Cv (a) as well as the relative error of fertilizer application λ (b) are the evaluation indices. The spreading performance of the spreading system is the best and can effectively achieve accurate variable fertilizer application when the baffle opening is 4%, spreading disc speed is 600 r/min, and flight height is 2 m, with a and b of evaluation indexes of 11.98% and 7.02%, respectively. The control error of the spreading volume is 7.30%, and the monitoring error of the speed measurement module is less than 30 r/min. The results show that the centrifugal variable fertilizer spreader improves the uniformity of fertilizer spreading and the accuracy of fertilizer application, which enhances the spreading performance of the centrifugal variable fertilizer spreader.

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“…A variable rate pneumatic fertilizer applicator triggered by RFID for granular fertilizer used in oil palm plantations can apply fertilizer within a target area of 4-12 m on both sides of the machine path. However, it takes two to three seconds to respond to changes in application rate [19]. The rotation speed and baffle type significantly impact the spreading uniformity of variable pneumatic fertilizer applicators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Experiment of Lightweight Dual-Mode Automatic Variable-Rate Fertilization Device and Control System

Bai

Luo

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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China’s agricultural facilities are developing rapidly and are mainly operated through household contracting. Due to a lack of suitable variable-rate fertilization devices, manual and blind fertilization still widely exists, resulting in fertilizer waste and environmental pollution. Meanwhile, existing fertilization devices cannot simultaneously meet the needs of different fertilization methods for crop cultivation, increasing the cost of mechanized fertilization. This study developed a lightweight dual-mode automatic variable-rate fertilization device and control system for strip fertilization and spreading fertilization. The least squares method was used to analyze the amount of fertilizer discharged per second at different volumes and rotational speeds of the fertilization device. The quadratic polynomial model fits well, with determination coefficients greater than 0.99. The automatic variable strip fertilization and spreading fertilization control models were established. Experiments with strip fertilization and spreading fertilization were carried out. The results of strip fertilization experiments show that the maximum relative error (Re) for granular nitrogen fertilizer (NF) was 6.81%, compound fertilizer (CF) was 6.2%, organic compound fertilizer (OCF) was 6.83%, and the maximum coefficient of variation (Cv) of uniformity was 8.91%. The results of spreading fertilization experiments show that the maximum Re of granular NF was 7.31%, granular CF was 6.76%, granular OCF was 7.43%, the Cv of lateral uniformity was 9.88%, and the Cv of total uniformity was 14.17%. The developed fertilization device and control system can meet the needs of different fertilization amounts, types, and methods for facility crop cultivation at different stages. This study’s results can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for designing and optimizing multifunctional precision variable-rate fertilization devices and control systems.

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A Novel Variable Rate Pneumatic Fertilizer Applicator

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

A Low-Cost System for Seismocardiography-Based Cardiac Triggering: A Practical Solution for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla

A Low-Cost System for Seismocardiography-Based Cardiac Triggering: A Practical Solution for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla

Single-Neuron PID UAV Variable Fertilizer Application Control System Based on a Weighted Coefficient Learning Correction

Design and Experiment of Lightweight Dual-Mode Automatic Variable-Rate Fertilization Device and Control System

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