density and good flexibility. [6][7][8][9][10] Among various battery technologies, lithiumsulfur (Li-S) batteries have received considerable attention due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density (2567 Wh kg −1 ), environmental benignancy, and low cost of S. [11][12][13] However, their applications in the wearable electronics are hampered by the severe interfacial issues, e.g., the formation of Li dendrites and the shuttle effect of polysulfide, which occur in the Li-S chemistries. [14][15][16][17][18] In addition, most Li-S batteries exhibit poor mechanical stability and low areal capacity. [11,12,18] During the past decades, there is an increasing interest in the development of cutting-edge materials that can simultaneously endow Li-S batteries with high energy, long cycle life, and good flexibility. [11,18,19] Among those, fibrous materials represent a promising option attributing to their large surface area (10 2-3 m 2 kg −1 ), lightweight, good flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. Generally, fibrous materials are in the form of high-aspect-ratio (>50) fibers, filaments, yarns, and their superstructures with the geometrical sizes from several hundreds of nanometer to meter. [20] Material wise, they consist of metals, carbons, ceramics, polymers, and composites of those. [21][22][23][24][25] The fibrous materials provide a solid, hollow, coreshell, or hierarchically porous structure. [26][27][28][29][30] Mechanically, most of the fibrous materials are flexible and even stretchable, which can sustain complex deformations. [31][32][33] Technically, fibrous materials and their assemblies are highly manufacturable via various high-throughput methods such as spinning, vacuum infiltration, and textile technology. [34][35][36] With these appealing properties, fibrous materials have been demonstrated to serve as different battery components of Li-S batteries (Figure 1), including current collectors of both Li anodes and S cathodes, buffer layers, interlayers, and solid-state electrolytes (SSEs).Considering the great promises of utilizing fibrous materials in Li-S batteries, this review presents the recent advances of this rapidly developing area. We first introduce the working principles and the challenges of Li-S batteries (Section 2). We then give an overview of the advantages of using fibrous materials for flexible Li-S batteries (Section 3). After that, we provide an in-depth discussion on the preparation of fibrous materials and the design of fibrous structures and functionalities for flexible current collectors (Section 4) and flexible interfacial layers (Section 5) of Li-S batteries, with a special focus on the enhancements of electrochemical and mechanical performances of Li anodes and S cathodes. Regarding the device-level performance, we finally highlight several layouts of flexible Li-S batteries including wire-type battery, battery with integrated architecture, and foldable battery (Section 6).The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is an attractive high-energy-density technology for future flexible and wea...