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Cited by 44 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…There are essentially three types of orbits classified by the satellite altitude: geostationary earth orbit (GEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and low earth orbit (LEO) [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Among them, GEO satellites are stationary relative to the earth’s surface so that the doppler shift is negligible and has a lower transmission outage probability than non-GEO satellites [ 32 , 35 , 36 ]. The GEO satellites work at very high altitudes (≈35,786 km) and can offer the most extensive coverage [ 37 ].…”
Section: Satellite-aided Consensus Protocolmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…There are essentially three types of orbits classified by the satellite altitude: geostationary earth orbit (GEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and low earth orbit (LEO) [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Among them, GEO satellites are stationary relative to the earth’s surface so that the doppler shift is negligible and has a lower transmission outage probability than non-GEO satellites [ 32 , 35 , 36 ]. The GEO satellites work at very high altitudes (≈35,786 km) and can offer the most extensive coverage [ 37 ].…”
Section: Satellite-aided Consensus Protocolmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thanks to the low outage probability and wide coverage, GEO satellites are preferred in our proposed protocol. However, the high altitudes of GEO satellites also result in long delays and high path losses [ 32 , 35 ]. Thus, we should design the consensus protocol by taking the drawbacks of GEO into account.…”
Section: Satellite-aided Consensus Protocolmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The cognition is achieved through the database approach, i.e., the satellite ephemeris, frequency allocation schemes and antenna patterns are shared between the gateways [ 37 ]. The position vector of the satellite in the Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) coordinate can be calculated with the satellite ephemeris [ 40 ], and then the position vector of the boresight intersection can be obtained according to the direction of the beam. Eventually, the distance between the two beams is also available.…”
Section: Interference Analysis and Dynamic Frequency Allocationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It plays an important role in many fields of research, e.g., Internet of Things [ 15 ], cellular mobile communication [ 16 ], WiMAX [ 17 ], wireless sensor network [ 18 ], aeronautical communication [ 19 ], ad hoc network [ 20 ] and satellite communication [ 21 ]. In addition, many cognitive technologies are presented, e.g., spectrum sensing [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], smart antennas and beamforming [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], beacon signaling [ 25 , 29 ], interference alignment [ 30 , 31 , 32 ], precoding [ 33 ], power control [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], beamhopping [ 39 , 40 ] and network coding [ 41 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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