A novel benzo[d]imidazole derivate prevents the development of dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome

A new pharmacological effect of levornidazole: Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation

“…According to previous reports [8,15] and the results shown in Fig. 4A investigation also showed that levornidazole, but not dextrornidazole, suppressed IL-1βproduction from the colonic samples of DSS pre-treated mice in a dose-dependent manner (Fig.…”

“…Histological evaluation of H&E-stained colonic sections was graded as follows [15]: 0, no signs of inflammation; 1, low leukocyte infiltration; 2, moderate leukocyte infiltration; 3, high leukocyte infiltration, moderate fibrosis, high vascular density, thickening of the colon wall, moderate goblet cell loss, and focal loss of crypts; and 4, transmural infiltrations, massive loss of goblet cell, extensive fibrosis, and diffuse loss of crypts.…”

“…The disease activity index (DAI) was calculated as we previously reported [15]. Briefly, DAI was calculated as the mean value of the following parameters: diarrhea and hematochezia (0 point = normal stools, 1 point = soft stools, 2 points = soft stools and slight bleeding, 3 points = loose stools and slight bleeding, 4 points = watery diarrhea or loose stools and gross bleeding).…”

“…Immunofluorescent histochemistry assay was performed as we previously reported [15]. Briefly, sections were deparaffinized, rehydrated and washed with 1%…”

NOD-Like Receptors: Guardians of Intestinal Mucosal Barriers

“…This controversy could be due to differences of experimental approaches, as Bauer et al highlighted a time-dependent role of NLRP3 that is more important in the early phase of inflammation. This hypothesis could also explain the positive therapeutic effect of NLRP3 inhibition on DSS-induced colitis (22,68). The exact mechanism, however, needs to be clarified by further studies.…”