A new species of <i>Phyllodistomum</i> Braun, 1899 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) in a Neotropical catfish, with discussion of the generic relationships of the Gorgoderidae

Brooks, Daniel R.; Macdonald, Cheryl A.

doi:10.1139/z86-197

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…I anticipate that this database will be augmented in the relatively near future by studies of the aspidobothriids, monogeneans, and eucestodes now in progress by other workers. In addition, portions of digenean phylogeny that have been analyzed using phylogenetic systematics are supported by more than 300 additional characters (Brooks 1977(Brooks , 1979(Brooks , 1980Brooks and Caira 1982;Brooks and Macdonald 1986;Brooks et al 19856, 1989;Brooks and Overstreet 1978;Macdonald and Brooks 1989a, 19896). The trees for the amphilinideans (Bandoni and Brooks 1987a) and gyrocotylideans (Bandoni and Brooks 19876) estimates, the consistency index for this database of more than 500 anatomical and ultrastructural characters is approximately 80%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A summary of the database pertaining to the phylogeny of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths, with a revised classification

Brooks¹

1989

Can. J. Zool.

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A summary of the database pertaining to the phylogeny of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths, with a revised classification. Can. J. 2001. 67: [714][715][716][717][718][719][720]. A previously published phylogenetic systematic analysis of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths was based on 39 anatomical characters. The resulting phylogenetic tree had a consistency index, which indicates the degree of fit of the data to the tree hypothesis, of 95% due to two postulated cases of convergence. That tree is evaluated in light of 49 additional anatomical characters and 32 ultrastructural characters. The additional anatomical characters support the original hypothesis with a consistency index of 100%' indicating no additional convergence in the data. The total anatomical database has a consistency index of 97.8%. The ultrastructural characters provide a best fit to a phylogenetic tree of 94.1 %, due to two postulated cases of convergent evolution. That tree is the same as the one supported by the anatomical data. The combined database thus comprises 120 characters having a consistency index of 96.7%' due to four postulated cases of convergent evolution. A classification of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths is proposed, and represents a compromise between two earlier proposed schemes. BROOKS, D. R. 1989. A summary of the database pertaining to the phylogeny of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths, with a revised classification. Can. J. 2001. 67 : 714-720. L'arbre phylogknktique rksultant d'une analyse systkmatique phylogknktique des principaux groupes de plathelminthes parasites publike antkrieurement et baske sur 39 caractkres anatomiques a fait l'objet d'un nouvel examen. L'arbre a un indice de compatibilitk (.consistency index.), mesure de l'ajustement des donnkes a l'hypothkse sous-jacente a l'arbre, de 95 % et suppose deux cas de convergence. Cet arbre est examink de nouveau a la lumikre de 49 caractkres anatomiques additionnels et de 32 caractkres ultramicroscopiques. Les caractkres anatomiques additionnels appuient l'hypothkse originale (indice de 100%) et ne mettent pas en lumikre de convergence supplkmentaire dans les donnkes. L'indice de compatibilitk de toutes les donnkes anatomiques regroupkes est de 97,8%. Le meilleur ajustement qu'il soit possible d'obtenir entre les caractkres ultramicroscopiques et un arbre phylogknktique est de 94'1%' et cet arbre suppose deux cas de convergence kvolutive. I1 s'agit du mCme arbre phylogknktique que dans le cas des caractkres anatomiques. La matrice combinke regroupe donc 120 caractkres et l'indice de compatibilitk entre ces donnkes et l'arbre phylogknktique est de 96,7% et suppose quatre cas de convergence kvolutive. Une nouvelle classification des principaux groupes de plathelminthes parasites est proposke et elle reprksente un compromis entre deux projets antkrieurs de classification.[Traduit par la revue]The major groups of parasitic platyhelminths have been the object of recent interest in phylogenetic systematists (e.g., Brooks 1982...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A summary of the database pertaining to the phylogeny of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths, with a revised classification

Brooks¹

1989

Can. J. Zool.

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“…1989b Brooks, , 1990 Brooks, , 1993a Brooks, . 1993bBrooks et at, 1989;Brooks and Deardorff, 1988; Brooks, and Holeman, 1993;Brooks and Macdonald, 1986;Brooks et at, 1981;Brooks et at, 1985a Brooks et at, , 1985bBrooks and Overstreet, 1978;Carney and Brooks, 1991;Cribb, 1988;Ehlers, 1984Ehlers, , 1985aEhlers, . 1985bEhlers, .…”

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Macroevolutionary Patterns of Morphological Diversification Among Parasitic Flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Cercomeria)

Brooks

McLennan

1993

Evolution

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Patterns of parasite morphological diversification were investigated using a morphological data base for the parasitic platyhelminths comprising 1,459 characters analyzed using phylogenetic systematic methods. Only 10.8% of the 1,882 character transformations are losses, casting doubt on views that parasites are secondarily simplified and exhibit degenerate evolution. Chi-squared analysis indicates that character loss in the Digenea and Monogenea occurs in proportion to total change and is disproportionately lower within the Eucestoda. In the Digenea fewer female characters and more male characters have been lost than expected by the total number of characters in that group, and more male and more nonreproductive characters have been lost in proportion to their distribution across groups. In the Monogenea fewer nonreproductive and more larval characters have been lost than expected within the group, and female character loss is high relative to other groups. In the Eucestoda fewer female and more larval characters have been lost than expected within the group, whereas loss of male and nonreproductive character is low, and loss of larval characters is high, compared to the other groups. Patterns of character loss result partially from characters that show repeated (homoplasious) loss in different groups. High consistency index and low homoplasy slope ratio values indicate that the parasitic platyhelminths show unusually low levels of homoplasy, casting doubt on views that parasite morphology is unusually adaptively plastic. Homoplasy within the monogeneans occurs in proportion to overall character change, is slightly higher than expected in the digeneans, and is much lower than expected within the eucestodes. Homoplasy occurs less often than expected in larval characters, and more often than expected in nonreproductive characters in the Digenea. Monogeneans show more homoplasy than expected for larval characters both within and among groups. Eucestodes show fewer homoplasious male and nonreproductive, and more homoplasious larval, characters than expected within the group, and higher homoplasy in larval characters and lower homoplasy in female and nonreproductive characters among groups.

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“…Their closest relatives among the other plagiorchiates are not known with any degree of confidence (Brooks and Macdonald 1986). Cable 1974) and Odening (1974) have linked the gorgoderids with zoogonids, opecoelids, lissorchiids, and some monorchiids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome analysis of Phyllodistomum folium (Trematoda, Gorgoderidae) infecting three European populations of zebra mussels

Petkevičiūtė

Stanevičiūtė

Molloy

2003

Parasitology Research

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The mitotic chromosome sets of the larval stages of Phyllodistomum folium infecting three European populations of Dreissena polymorpha were studied using conventional Giemsa staining and karyometrical analysis. The karyotype, described herein for the first time, consisted of nine chromosome pairs (2 n=18). The chromosomes were comparatively small and measured from 1.19 micro m to 5.22 micro m. The first and second longest chromosome pairs were, respectively, approximately 20% and 18% of the mean total chromosome set length and were clearly differentiated from the other seven pairs, which gradually decreased in size. Most chromosomes were biarmed with medially or submedially located centromeres; only pairs 1 and 4 contained subterminally located centromeres. No significant differences in the relative length values of corresponding chromosomes were observed between the three populations studied. The main interpopulation differences were detected in the centromeric index values of some corresponding chromosome pairs. These data, when analysed in conjunction with those of other Gorgoderidae, indicate that the karyotype of P. folium and other species in this family do not show any clear affinities with "typical" plagiorchiate chromosome sets.

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A new species of Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) in a Neotropical catfish, with discussion of the generic relationships of the Gorgoderidae

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

A summary of the database pertaining to the phylogeny of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths, with a revised classification

A summary of the database pertaining to the phylogeny of the major groups of parasitic platyhelminths, with a revised classification

Macroevolutionary Patterns of Morphological Diversification Among Parasitic Flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Cercomeria)

Chromosome analysis of Phyllodistomum folium (Trematoda, Gorgoderidae) infecting three European populations of zebra mussels

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