2014
DOI: 10.1038/srep04567
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Abstract: 500 million tons of coal fly ash are produced worldwide every year with only 16% of the total amount utilized. Therefore, potential applications using fly ash have both environmental and industrial interests. Unburned carbon concentration measurements are fundamental to effective fly ash applications. Current on-line measurement accuracies are strongly affected by the mineral content and coal rank. This paper describes a char/ash particle cluster spectral emittance method for unburned carbon concentration meas… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
2
2
1

Citation Types

0
5
0

Year Published

2016
2016
2021
2021

Publication Types

Select...
8

Relationship

0
8

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 8 publications
(5 citation statements)
references
References 57 publications
0
5
0
Order By: Relevance
“…A similar result was found by a previous study concerning the emissions from coal- and oil-fired power plants. From an earlier study, carbonaceous concentrations account for 17.0–40.0% of the mass concentration of PM 2.5 emissions from coal-fired power plants. The results of this study elucidate that the concentrations of OC and EC are based upon the fuel type and control devices.…”
Section: Results and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A similar result was found by a previous study concerning the emissions from coal- and oil-fired power plants. From an earlier study, carbonaceous concentrations account for 17.0–40.0% of the mass concentration of PM 2.5 emissions from coal-fired power plants. The results of this study elucidate that the concentrations of OC and EC are based upon the fuel type and control devices.…”
Section: Results and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The carbonaceous elements of CFA are usually termed unburnt carbon particles or chars, which are made up of porous char particles and aggregated submicron particles [29]. These carbon nanoparticles are basically carbon which is unable to burn during the burning of pulverized coal in TPPs.…”
Section: Cfa As a Natural Source Of Cnmsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the carbon content, CFA can be further classified into three classes, i.e., low or ultralow, moderately high, and very high carbon ash [35]. The percentage of UC in CFA mainly varies from 2-12%, but it could be more than 20% and, in exceptional cases, could reach up to 57% [29]. Therefore, considering an average 1-12% carbon content in CFA, there is around 8-96 MTs of carbon residues annually around the world (IEA, 2017) [36].…”
Section: Cfa As a Natural Source Of Cnmsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 Additionally, microwave absorption, 4,5 which is a more commercially oriented on-line measurement technique, is very simple and has a high sensitivity, but its measurement accuracy is closely affected by the characteristics of coal. 6 Therefore, developing technology of on-line measurement remains one of the key issues in this eld. Recently, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology has been considered widely and applied to various industrial elds, [7][8][9] because of its real-time measurement, without (or with simple) sample preparation, and high sensitivity features.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%