A new method for measuring fuel-injection rate

Marčič, Milan

doi:10.1016/s0955-5986(98)00053-3

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Value. The IV of biodiesels is determined by measuring the degree of unsaturation (number of double bonds) in the fatty acid constituents [78,82]. In this measurement, a higher IV indicates that the oil is highly unsaturated (e.g., canola oil); hence, the biodiesels will exihibit a low cloud point (this property is good for winter biodiesels).…”

Section: Iodinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Experimental and Computational Studies on Spray, Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Fueled Engines

Ágarwal

Park

Dhar

et al. 2018

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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Biodiesel has emerged as a suitable alternative to mineral diesel in compression ignition (CI) engines in order to ensure global energy security and to reduce engine out emissions in near future. Biodiesel derived from various feedstocks available worldwide fits well in the current fuel supply arrangement for transport sector. However, biodiesel as an alternative transportation fuel has been extensively investigated because of differences in its important fuel properties compared with baseline mineral diesel. Since fuel properties greatly influence spray development, combustion, and emission formation in internal combustion (IC) engines, a number of experimental and computational studies on biodiesel usage in CI engines have been performed to determine its brake thermal efficiency (BTE), gaseous emissions, durability, etc., by various researchers using variety of engines and feedstocks. In the present paper, a critical review of the effect of biodiesel's fuel properties on engine performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics in existing diesel engines vis-a-vis conventional diesel has been undertaken. In addition, the progress and advances of numerical modeling involving biodiesel are also reviewed to determine the effect of fuel properties on spray evolution and development of reaction mechanisms for biodiesel combustion simulations. Fuel properties are discussed in two categories: physical and chemical properties, which are key parameters affecting spray and combustion processes. Subsequent sections review spray, combustion, emissions, and performance characteristics of biodiesels under various engine operation conditions. In the last section of this review paper, numerical modeling of biodiesel covering recent numerical models and schemes to understand the behavior of biodiesel combustion and pollutants formation is included. This review paper comprehensively summarizes biodiesel fuel's (BDFs) spray, combustion, and emission characteristics using experimental and numerical approaches. Limitations and scope for future studies are discussed in each section.

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Section: Iodinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A piezo-resistive type absolute pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure variations in the tube. Besides the Bosch method, there are various other methods/techniques to measure the fuel injection rate such as membrane [86], spray momentum flux [87], charge [82], and Zeuch [88] methods.…”

Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Experimental and Computational Studies on Spray, Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Fueled Engines

Ágarwal

Park

Dhar

et al. 2018

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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“…The forces acting on the sensing element were found to be the inertial, viscous, surface tension, and aerodynamic drag forces. Marcic et al [16] as well as Payri et al [17] numerically and experimentally studied the injection rates of multi-hole injectors and hole-to-hole variations of diesel injectors. Payri et al [18], studied the effect of cavitation on diesel spray behavior using two bi-orifices geometry for the injected mass flux and momentum flux.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Injection Rate Measurement to Study Single and Split Injections in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Aljohani¹,

Houidi²,

Babayev³

et al. 2019

SAE Technical Paper Series

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The split injection strategy holds a potential for high pressure combustion engines. One advantage of such strategy is the capability to control the heat release rate, which also implies the use of multiple split-injections with relatively short dwell intervals. Most injection rate measurement techniques require installment of the injector on a dedicated test rig. However, these techniques fail to accurately reproduce real-engine operating conditions. Using the spray impingement method, this paper investigates the injection rate of a high flow-rate solenoid injector while being operated on the engine. The aim is to have an experimental configuration as similar as possible to the real engine in terms of the acoustics and the fuel temperature within the injection system. The assumption of spray force proportional to the spray momentum is used to measure the injection rate. The spray momentum is measured while the injector is mounted on the Volvo D13 engine and connected to the in-series fuel rail and pump. A high-natural-frequency piezoelectric pressure transducer is mounted perpendicularly at 4 mm from one of the nozzle holes. The injector and sensor are contained within a specially designed collector for the injected fuel, which is maintained at atmospheric pressure and temperature. Experiments with single injection are conducted varying the Duration of Injection (DOI) from 400 up to 2000 µs. The tests with split double-injections are conducted with fixed DOI of 500 µs while the dwell time are varied from 100 up to 1000 µs. All tests are performed at the rail pressures of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 bar while the engine is operated at 1200 rpm. Results show that the injection rate shape of single injections is highly dependent on the rail pressure profile. With double split-injections, the rate of the second injection as well as the total fuel mass injected increases when the dwell time is shortened. Short dwell intervals boost the fuel quantities as a result of the altered needle response. Long dwell time between two equally-long injections generate similar injection rates. The injector hydraulic delay was more pronounced when dwell time was kept long enough. Overall, higher injection pressure advances the effective start of injection while retarding the effective end of injection.

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“…With regards to several techniques used to measure injection rates, such as Charge measuring [14] and Laser Doppler Velocimeter [15] methods, the Bosch tube [4][5][6][7][8][9] and Zeuch measuring [10][11][12][13] methods are the most common. All the methods mentioned give accurate testing results of injection rates for multi-hole diesel injectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of injection rate of each nozzle hole of multi-hole diesel injector

Deng

Cui

et al. 2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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A new method for measuring fuel-injection rate

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Review of Experimental and Computational Studies on Spray, Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Fueled Engines

Review of Experimental and Computational Studies on Spray, Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Fueled Engines

In Situ Injection Rate Measurement to Study Single and Split Injections in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Numerical simulation of injection rate of each nozzle hole of multi-hole diesel injector

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