A Neuronal Signal Detector for Biologically Generated Magnetic Fields

Costa, Tiago; Piedade, M.S.; Germano, J.; Amaral, Joana D.; Freitas, P. P.

doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2296417

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The multi-channel PCB designed to interface 15 spin valve sensors was connected to an amplifier with an operating gain of 5000×, and high-pass and low-pass filters of 300 Hz and 10 kHz, respectively. Each channel included a configurable DC current source, from 0.25 mA to 2 mA [ 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-Quantitative Method for Streptococci Magnetic Detection in Raw Milk

et al. 2016

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Bovine mastitis is the most costly disease for dairy farmers and the most frequent reason for the use of antibiotics in dairy cattle; thus, control measures to detect and prevent mastitis are crucial for dairy farm sustainability. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a sensitive method to magnetically detect Streptococcus agalactiae (a Group B streptococci) and Streptococcus uberis in raw milk samples. Mastitic milk samples were collected aseptically from 44 cows with subclinical mastitis, from 11 Portuguese dairy farms. Forty-six quarter milk samples were selected based on bacterial identification by conventional microbiology. All samples were submitted to PCR analysis. In parallel, these milk samples were mixed with a solution combining specific antibodies and magnetic nanoparticles, to be analyzed using a lab-on-a-chip magnetoresistive cytometer, with microfluidic sample handling. This paper describes a point of care methodology used for detection of bacteria, including analysis of false positive/negative results. This immunological recognition was able to detect bacterial presence in samples spiked above 100 cfu/mL, independently of antibody and targeted bacteria used in this work. Using PCR as a reference, this method correctly identified 73% of positive samples for streptococci species with an anti-S. agalactiae antibody, and 41% of positive samples for an anti-GB streptococci antibody.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-Quantitative Method for Streptococci Magnetic Detection in Raw Milk

et al. 2016

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“…To provide accessible equipment for this purpose inside the small laboratories, the spintronics can be helped. It is shown that the magnetic field of the brain of mice can be measured with MR elements [25][26][27][28]. A few measurement series were successfully carried out, for example, in-vitro actuation and recognition of magnetic field of the small slice of mice's Hippocampus located on a MR stack, as shown schematically in Figure 2 [25,29].…”

Section: Mini Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, it has to be mentioned that neural field detection was carried out with a pulse field actuation and the neurons relaxation amplitude and time were recorded [25][26][27][28][29]. Such techniques require more attention for future measurements and analyses from clinical points of view.…”

Section: Mini Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spintronics as a Neurotechnique

Mohseni¹

2015

JNMR

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Understanding the brain as a complex system is the current problem and challenge in multi-disciplinary science. To this end, finding new techniques to touch many un-known mechanisms inside the brain via observations and measurements are circumventing different neurotechniques today. One possible technique toward this purpose is based on sensing the magnetic field of neurons with spintronics devices, given that neurons are sources of magnetic fields. Additionally, correlation of individual neuron's magnetic field to the magnetic field of many neurons is not very clear. In this paper, we shortly review the application of spintronics as one branch of nanotechnology for neural magnetic field detection. The major spintronics elements that can be implemented for the neural field detection nominated the magneto resistance (MR) will be introduced. Electronic properties of such a device will be reviewed and its technical issues such as magnetic coupling between layers and their materials and thickness dependence toward achieving high sensitive elements will be shortly addressed. Such elements can be implemented to measure the magnetic field of small neuron population down to individual neuron. Potential applications of spintronics elements for neural magnetic field detection toward the completion of the neuroscience will be addressed.

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“…This has resulted in TMR sensors that are of a lower profile, faster, more reliable, and cheaper than other magnetic sensors. With pico-Tesla field detectivity [12] and CMOS-compatible benefits [13,14], the TMR sensor provides advantageous solutions to form a miniaturised system for various biomedical wearable and implantable technologies [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Device Modeling of MgO-Barrier Tunneling Magnetoresistors for Hybrid Spintronic-CMOS

Zuo

Nazarpour

Heidari

2018

IEEE Electron Device Lett.

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Spintronic sensors, that are based on the tunnellingmagnetoresistive (TMR) effect, have been utilized in detecting low magnetic fields. However, still no computer-based model of these devices is available to integrated circuit designer to implement them in a hybrid spintronic-CMOS system. We developed a finite element method (FEM)-based model of a MgO-barrier TMR device in COMSOL Multiphysics ®. The parameters of this model were extracted from the state-of-the-art fabrication and experimental data. Results were compared with respect to the model geometry and the used material. The proposed TMR sensor model offers a linear response with a high TMR ratio of 233% at 10 mV power supply. The model was exported to Cadence © Spectre to create a compact model using Verilog-A language. The developed sensor model was simulated with its analog front-end in same environment. This model provided a reliable benchmark for modelling of the future hybrid spintronic-CMOS developments.

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A Neuronal Signal Detector for Biologically Generated Magnetic Fields

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Semi-Quantitative Method for Streptococci Magnetic Detection in Raw Milk

Semi-Quantitative Method for Streptococci Magnetic Detection in Raw Milk

Spintronics as a Neurotechnique

Device Modeling of MgO-Barrier Tunneling Magnetoresistors for Hybrid Spintronic-CMOS

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