A narrowband land mobile satellite channel software simulator for urban environments

Modeling of the Land Mobile Satellite Channel considering the Terminal’s Driving Direction

“…(i) Empirical channel models describe the signal attenuation by fitting mathematical expressions to measurements, without including any physical interpretation. An overview of different empirical LMS channel models can be found in [25].…”

Signal simulation based on improved doppler filter

“…Three types of analytical models are currently used to describe the propagation characteristics of satellite mobile channels [4], namely empirical models, geometrical models, and statistical models. Empirical models mathematically fit the measured data to create formulas.…”