A Multifunctional Polymeric Periodontal Membrane with Osteogenic and Antibacterial Characteristics

Abstract

Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic, destructive inflammatory disease affecting tooth-supporting tissues in humans. Guided tissue regeneration strategies are widely utilized for periodontal tissue regeneration generally by using a periodontal membrane. The main role of these membranes is to establish a mechanical barrier that prevents the apical migration of the gingival epithelium and hence allowing the growth of periodontal ligament and bone tissue to selectively repopulate the root surface. Currently available membranes have limited bioactivity and regeneration potential. To address such challenges, an osteoconductive, antibacterial, and flexible poly(caprolactone) (PCL) composite membrane containing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles is developed. The membranes are fabricated through electrospinning of PCL and ZnO particles. The physical properties, mechanical characteristics, and in vitro degradation of the engineered membrane are studied in detail. Also, the osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties of the developed membrane are analyzed in vitro. Moreover, the functionality of the membrane is evaluated with a rat periodontal defect model. The results confirmed that the engineered membrane exerts both osteoconductive and antibacterial properties, demonstrating its great potential for periodontal tissue engineering.

A Multifunctional Zinc Oxide/Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposite Layer Coated on Magnesium Alloys for Controlled Degradation and Antibacterial Function

“…The results indicate an increase in zone inhabitation with 125% and 130% for PLAZ-l and PLAZ-h samples, respectively. The results (Figure A) confirmed the presence of a significant antibacterial activity upon the incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles within the membranes with agreement of previous reported work . While plain PLA failed to exhibit any antibacterial activity after incubation, the membranes containing 5 and 10% of ZnO nanoparticles presented remarkable antibacterial properties.…”

Incorporation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. into PCL Nanofibers to Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

“…However, adding ZnONPs decreases cell viability, with viability decreasing as the ZnONP content increases, indicating that ZnONPs have a certain level of cytotoxicity. This study is consistent with the study by Nasajpour et al [ 49 ], which attributed excessive production of H 2 O 2 to the ZnO used during cell culture, leading to high levels of reactive oxygen species.…”

Spatial Delivery of Triple Functional Nanoparticles via an Extracellular Matrix-Mimicking Coaxial Scaffold Synergistically Enhancing Bone Regeneration

“…75 The ZnO NPmodified PCL electrospun scaffold had proven to improve the osteoconductivity of the periodontal bone tissue in a rat periodontal defect model. 43 In this work, ZnO-loaded PLGA/ PCL scaffolds not only prevented bacteria colonization but also supported the MC3T3-E1 viability and osteo-differentiation.…”