A multi-sill magma plumbing system beneath the axis of the East Pacific Rise

Marjanović, M.; Carbotte, S. M.; Carton, H. D.; Nedimović, M. R.; Mutter, John C.; Canales, J. P.

doi:10.1038/ngeo2272

Cited by 66 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Marjanović et al (2014) demonstrated the presence of sub-AML events that they interpret as mid-crustal magma lenses, providing support for a model of multiple-sill crustal accretion. The longest partially molten AML section identified within the central eruption • 50.2 and 9 • 50.65 N), is located above a prominent gap in the sub-AML reflections, which is attributed by Marjanović et al (2014) to localized drainage of melt from both the sub-AML and AML events. We cannot exclude the possibility that prior to the eruption magma was mobilized from even deeper sources (as suggested by Moore et al 2014), such as the ones revealed at 4-7 km depth at 9…”

Section: Signature Of the 2005-2006 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Indeed, a growing body of evidence suggests that the 2005-2006 eruption involved melt extraction from deeper crustal and/or uppermost mantle sources and that this deeper supply was focused beneath the central magma lens (Goss et al 2010;Wanless & Shaw 2012;Moore et al 2014;Zha et al 2014). Marjanović et al (2014) demonstrated the presence of sub-AML events that they interpret as mid-crustal magma lenses, providing support for a model of multiple-sill crustal accretion. The longest partially molten AML section identified within the central eruption • 50.2 and 9 • 50.65 N), is located above a prominent gap in the sub-AML reflections, which is attributed by Marjanović et al (2014) to localized drainage of melt from both the sub-AML and AML events.…”

Section: Signature Of the 2005-2006 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corresponding data processing sequence is given in Marjanović et al (2014). The resulting images show the presence of a distinct (though variable in strength) P AML S phase between 9…”

Section: Epr Data Selection For Ava Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the main ridge-perpendicular survey acquired for 3-D imaging of crustal structure (Canales et al 2012a,b;Aghaei et al 2014;Han et al 2014), an along-axis swath survey (Carbotte et al 2013;Marjanović et al 2014;Xu et al 2014) was conducted (Fig. 1a).…”

Section: Melt Distribution Along the Eprmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of melt along the East Pacific Rise from 9°30′ to 10°N from an amplitude variation with angle of incidence (AVA) technique

et al. 2015

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S U M M A R YWe examine along-axis variations in melt content of the axial magma lens (AML) beneath the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) using an amplitude variation with angle of incidence (AVA) crossplotting method applied to multichannel seismic data acquired in 2008. The AVA crossplotting method, which has been developed for and, so far, applied for hydrocarbon prospection in sediments, is for the first time applied to a hardrock environment. We focus our analysis on 2-D data collected along the EPR axis from 9• 29.8 N to 9• 58.4 N, a region which encompasses the sites of two well-documented submarine volcanic eruptions (1991-1992 and 2005-2006). AVA crossplotting is performed for a ∼53 km length of the EPR spanning nine individual AML segments (ranging in length from ∼3.2 to 8.5 km) previously identified from the geometry of the AML and disruptions in continuity. Our detailed analyses conducted at 62.5 m interval show that within most of the analysed segments melt content varies at spatial scales much smaller (a few hundred of metres) than the length of the fine-scale AML segments, suggesting high heterogeneity in melt concentration. At the time of our survey, about 2 yr after the eruption, our results indicate that the three AML segments that directly underlie the 2005-2006 lava flow are on average mostly molten. However, detailed analysis at finer-scale intervals for these three segments reveals AML pockets (from >62.5 to 812.5 m long) with a low melt fraction. The longest such mushy section is centred beneath the main eruption site at ∼9• 50.4 N, possibly reflecting a region of primary melt drainage during the 2005-2006 event. The complex geometry of fluid flow pathways within the crust above the AML and the different response times of fluid flow and venting to eruption and magma reservoir replenishment may contribute to the poor spatial correlation between incidence of hydrothermal vents and presence of highly molten AML. The presented results are an important step forward in our ability to resolve small-scale characteristics of the AML and recommend the AVA crossplotting as a tool for examining mid-ocean ridge magma-systems elsewhere.

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Section: Signature Of the 2005-2006 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Signature Of the 2005-2006 Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corresponding data processing sequence is given in Marjanović et al (2014). The resulting images show the presence of a distinct (though variable in strength) P AML S phase between 9…”

Section: Epr Data Selection For Ava Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Melt Distribution Along the Eprmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Distribution of melt along the East Pacific Rise from 9°30′ to 10°N from an amplitude variation with angle of incidence (AVA) technique

et al. 2015

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“…This is something that has been long inferred petrologically (e.g. Nicolas et al, 1988;Kelemen et al, 1997b;Maclennan et al, 2001b), and is beginning to be resolved seismically (Marjanović et al, 2014). It would be difficult to reconcile the variety of differentiation and mixing histories observed in basalts on Iceland with all magma being processed through the single melt lens of 'gabbro glacier' accretion models (Phipps Morgan and Chen, 1993).…”

Section: Concurrent Mixing and Crystallisation At Icelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical variability in MORB controlled by concurrent mixing and crystallisation

Shorttle

2015

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Modes of crustal accretion and their implications for hydrothermal circulation

Theissen-Krah

Rüpke

Hasenclever

2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Hydrothermal convection at mid‐ocean ridges links the ocean's long‐term chemical evolution to solid earth processes, forms hydrothermal ore deposits, and sustains the unique chemosynthetic vent fauna. Yet the depth extent of hydrothermal cooling and the inseparably connected question of how the lower crust accretes remain poorly constrained. Here based on coupled models of crustal accretion and hydrothermal circulation, we provide new insights into which modes of lower crust formation and hydrothermal cooling are thermally viable and most consistent with observations at fast‐spreading ridges. We integrate numerical models with observations of melt lens depth, thermal structure, and melt fraction. Models matching all these observations always require a deep crustal‐scale hydrothermal flow component and less than 50% of the lower crust crystallizing in situ.

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A multi-sill magma plumbing system beneath the axis of the East Pacific Rise

Cited by 66 publications

References 29 publications

Distribution of melt along the East Pacific Rise from 9°30′ to 10°N from an amplitude variation with angle of incidence (AVA) technique

Distribution of melt along the East Pacific Rise from 9°30′ to 10°N from an amplitude variation with angle of incidence (AVA) technique

Geochemical variability in MORB controlled by concurrent mixing and crystallisation

Modes of crustal accretion and their implications for hydrothermal circulation

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