A Multi-Center Retrospective Study of Clinical features, Laboratory Characteristics, and Outcomes of 325  Hospitalized Children with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); A Preliminary Report from Iranian Network for Research in Viral Diseases (INRVD)

Abstract

Background: The objectives of this study were to analyze the clinical features and laboratory profiles and risk factors associated with critical illness of children with SARS-CoV-2.Methods: 325 COVID-19 pediatric patients were recruited through a collaborative research network between March and May 2020. Demographics, clinical, laboratory, and radiological results were obtained from patient files. Results: Of 325 patients, 189 (58%) and 136 (42%) were males and females, respectively. The mean age was 6.18 ± 4.99. 195 (60%) and 130 (40%), had moderate and severe conditions, respectively. 45 (13.9%) of patients died. The common symptoms were fever (72.6%), cough (59%) and shortness of breath (36%). 254 (78%) and 145 (44.6%( had gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms, respectively. Shortness of breath, rhinorrhea, nausea/vomiting, decrease in platelet counts; increase values in C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and blood urea nitrogen, decrease in the blood PH and HCo3 were significantly associated with the disease severity. 58.2% and 65.4% of patients showed abnormal radiographic appearance in Chest X-ray and in chest CT scan, respectively, which were correlated with disease severity. 104 (32%) of patients referred to ICU. The coexistence of comorbidity was the main factor associated with ICU admission, shock, arrhythmia, acute kidney injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute cardiac injury, and death. Conclusions: We describe a higher than previously recognized rate of COVID-19 mortality in Iranian pediatric patients. Epidemiological factors, such as relatively high case fatality rate in the country and the presence of underlying diseases are the main factors for the high death rate.

Investigation of Sars-CoV-2 Infection in Children of families affected by COVID-19

“…Still, one study suggests that strategies addressing family worry, obtaining job-related income support, and helping families get tangible resources may positively affect family psychological health (9). in previous studies of children with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Iran, the average age was six years, 58 percent were boys, and the frequency of distribution of age and sex was almost similar to this study (10).…”

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Pediatric Emergency Room: The Dilemma of Cycle Threshold Value

“…Previous studies have reported rates of CXR abnormalities of 33 to 54%, 8 18 compared with 15% in our study. In a previous Turkish pediatric study, Böncüoğlu et al found that abnormal CT findings correlated with elevated CRP levels.…”

“…8 9 11 12 13 14 15 As in our study, the most common symptoms are usually reported to be fever and cough. 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 However, in a UK study of 1,734 children, the most common symptoms were headache (62%) and fatigue (55%). 19 SARS-CoV-2 infections in children have different paths and are less severe than in adults in terms of clinical manifestations.…”

The Impact of Reduced Training Activity of Elite Kickboxers on Physical Fitness, Body Build, and Performance during Competitions

“…The SARS-CoV-2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), causing the disease called COVID-19, has led to the death of over a million people globally. The COVID-19 outbreak forced governments to introduce severe restrictions and limitations that have negatively influenced many areas of the economy, including the sports sector [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], and brought about obstacles to outdoor physical activity [ 12 , 13 ]. As long-lasting lower physical activity is harmful to health and physical fitness, some researchers provide recommendations to exercise at home to maintain, at least in part, the previous level of physical capacity [ 14 , 15 ].…”