A mouse model of vitiligo induced by monobenzone

Zhu, Yiping; Wang, Suiquan; Xu, Aie

doi:10.1111/exd.12184

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In those models, visual grading of the skin, the number of dopa-positive epidermal melanocytes and histological analysis were evaluated. In addition, the use of pigmented mice to examine the depigmenta-tion caused by RK or monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone (MBEH) was also reported (Fukuda et al, 1998a;Zhu et al, 2013). However, since melanocytes are not distributed in the epidermis of normal mice except for the ears and tail, the endpoints of depigmentation were bleaching of the ears and tail (Zhu et al, 2013) or the melanin content in the hair (Fukuda et al, 1998a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depigmentation of the skin induced by 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol is spontaneously re-pigmented in brown and black guinea pigs

et al. 2014

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-Chemically induced depigmentation of the skin, which occurs following exposure (application or inhalation) to a depigmenting agent, is a disease with clinical findings similar to vitiligo. Recently, skin depigmentation possibly resulting from exposure to 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol (HPB) was reported in humans. However, the role of HPB as the causative material of this skin depigmentation was not clear. To evaluate whether HPB has the potential for skin depigmentation, we characterized its effects on the skin of pigmented guinea pigs. Following exposure to 30% HPB 3 times/day for about 20 days, we found that obvious skin depigmentation was induced in brown and black guinea pigs. In the depigmented skin, there was a marked reduction in melanin pigment, and decreased numbers of DOPA and S-100 positive epidermal melanocytes were observed histologically. In addition, the depigmentation gradually recovered spontaneously and the number of melanocytes in the skin also increased after terminating the application of HPB. Complete re-pigmentation needed 31 to 70 days to return to the original baseline level. These data indicate that skin depigmentation is induced by the toxicity of HPB to epidermal melanocytes, and that the induced skin depigmentation can recover by terminating the application of HPB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depigmentation of the skin induced by 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol is spontaneously re-pigmented in brown and black guinea pigs

et al. 2014

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“…Topical application of 20% monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone (MBEH) was also effective . Recently, a mouse model of vitiligo, successfully induced with MBEH, provided further evidence for MBEH to treatment of vitiligo . Psychological screening of vitiligo patients prior to initiating therapy is very important .…”

Section: Depigmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitiligo nonsurgical treatment: a review of latest treatment researches

et al. 2014

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Vitiligo is a common depigmenting acquired disorder affecting about 1-2% of the world population, regardless of race, ethnic background, or gender. It is characterized by the appearance of milky white maculae because of a loss of melanocytes. The disfiguring nature of vitiligo causes high psychosocial morbidity. This is especially pronounced in populations with darker skin tone, likely because of the marked contrast. A variety of nonsurgical treatment regimens are currently employed in vitiligo. We reviewed the latest studies carried out on different nonsurgical treatment modalities used in vitiligo. All nonsurgical treatment aid to repigment or depigmentation the skin, however, many of them require a prolonged treatment course and may yield minimal results as well as carry unwanted side effects. There is a need for further research into the causes of vitiligo and into discovering better treatments.

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“…The interaction of MBEH with melanocytes triggers a series of cellular effects (oxidative stress, alteration of cellular proteins and increased release of melanoma and melanocyte antigens) that selectively induce immunity against melanocytes and melanoma cells, sparing other cell types. Treatment was found to activate dendritic cells and recruit melanocyte‐reactive cytotoxic T cells to the skin, leading to local and distant melanocyte destruction, even within areas not initially exposed to the MBEH . Indeed, manufacturers noticed that prolonged exposure to the gloves led to depigmentation in areas of the body not originally exposed to the gloves , supporting ongoing autoimmune reactivity upon MBEH exposure .…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Topical Depigmenting Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced bleaching treatment: opportunities for immune‐assisted melanocyte suicide in vitiligo

Webb

Eby

Hariharan

et al. 2014

Experimental Dermatology

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Depigmentation in vitiligo occurs by progressive loss of melanocytes from the basal layer of the skin, and can be psychologically devastating to patients. T cell-mediated autoimmunity explains the progressive nature of this disease. Rather than being confronted with periods of rapid depigmentation and bouts of repigmentation, patients with long-standing, treatment-resistant vitiligo can undergo depigmentation treatment. The objective is to remove residual pigmentation in order to achieve a cosmetically acceptable result- that of skin with a uniform appearance. In the USA, only the use of mono-benzyl ether of hydroquinone (MBEH) is approved for this purpose. However, satisfactory results can take time to appear, and there is a risk of repigmentation. MBEH induces necrotic melanocyte death followed by a cytotoxic T cell response to remaining, distant melanocytes. As cytotoxic T cell responses are instrumental to depigmentation, we propose that combining MBEH with immune adjuvant therapies will accelerate immune-mediated melanocyte destruction to achieve faster, more definitive depigmentation than with MBEH alone. Since Toll-like Receptor (TLR) agonists-imiquimod, CpG, and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP 70)-all support powerful Th1 responses, we propose that using MBEH in combination with these agents can achieve superior depigmentation results for vitiligo patients.

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A mouse model of vitiligo induced by monobenzone

Cited by 39 publications

References 18 publications

Depigmentation of the skin induced by 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol is spontaneously re-pigmented in brown and black guinea pigs

Depigmentation of the skin induced by 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol is spontaneously re-pigmented in brown and black guinea pigs

Vitiligo nonsurgical treatment: a review of latest treatment researches

Enhanced bleaching treatment: opportunities for immune‐assisted melanocyte suicide in vitiligo

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